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基于耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)與空間集聚特征的基本農(nóng)田劃定研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41801173)和山東建筑大學(xué)博士基金項(xiàng)目(XNBS1803)


Prime Cropland Assignment Based on Cultivated Land Quality Evaluation and Spatial Cluster Pattern
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    摘要:

    綜合考慮耕地的自然質(zhì)量、耕作條件、形態(tài)、空間分布等,以濟(jì)南市為研究區(qū),從自然稟賦、區(qū)位條件和穩(wěn)定性3個(gè)方面選取11個(gè)指標(biāo),構(gòu)建耕地質(zhì)量綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,在耕地質(zhì)量綜合評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上,采用局部空間自相關(guān)法定量刻畫耕地質(zhì)量的空間集聚格局特征,采用矩陣組合法進(jìn)一步將耕地質(zhì)量等級(jí)和空間集聚格局類型兩兩組合,綜合確定基本農(nóng)田劃定類型。研究表明,濟(jì)南市耕地區(qū)位條件較好,且區(qū)域差異最小,耕地穩(wěn)定性和自然稟賦相對(duì)較差。濟(jì)南市耕地質(zhì)量以高和較高為主,二者分別占濟(jì)南市耕地總面積的35.12%和22.67%,主要分布在濟(jì)南市北部商河、濟(jì)陽和章丘北部。耕地質(zhì)量低等級(jí)的耕地面積最少,為475.98km2,所占比例為11.98%,主要分布在歷城和長(zhǎng)清。濟(jì)南市耕地劃分為優(yōu)先劃入型、適宜劃入型和整治調(diào)控型3種類型。濟(jì)陽、商河、章丘北部和平陰東南部的耕地質(zhì)量高、集聚特征顯著,應(yīng)作為優(yōu)先劃入型,該類型耕地最多,面積為212123km2,占濟(jì)南市耕地總面積的53.38%;適宜劃入型耕地質(zhì)量也較高,并且多分布在優(yōu)先劃入型周邊,對(duì)優(yōu)先劃入型耕地具有保護(hù)和緩沖作用,應(yīng)與優(yōu)先劃入型耕地一起作為基本農(nóng)田,以提高優(yōu)質(zhì)基本農(nóng)田的集聚程度;整治調(diào)控型耕地面積為98898km2,占濟(jì)南市耕地總面積的24.89%,主要分布在中心城區(qū)和南部山區(qū),該類型耕地質(zhì)量低、集聚程度不高,開發(fā)利用時(shí)應(yīng)注意生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù),必要時(shí)可通過土地整治提高質(zhì)量和集聚程度。

    Abstract:

    Prime cropland construction is helpful for the protection of cultivated land and national food security. Most previous studies were focused on the natural quality of cultivated land, while the locational condition, stability and spatial agglomeration pattern was far from totally understood which reduced the rationality and resulted in frequently adjustment of prime cropland, and also could restrict the development space of urban and rural. A comprehensive evaluation indicator system of cultivated land was constructed by selecting 11 indicators from the aspects of natural condition, locational condition and stability. Based on the evaluation of cultivated land, the local indicators of spatial autocorrelation method was applied to identify the spatial agglomeration pattern of cultivated land quality. Furthermore,the matrix grouping method was applied to classify the type of prime cropland. The score of location condition of cultivated land was higher than that of natural condition and stability. The high quality and relative high quality were the dominant type in Ji’nan, which occupied 35.12% and 22.67% respectively and mainly distributed in the north of Ji’nan, such as Shanghe, Jiyang and Zhangqiu. The area of the lowquality cultivated land was only 47598km2, accounting for 11.98% and mainly located in Licheng and Changqing. Consequently, the cultivated land in Ji’nan was classified into three types, which was priority type, suitable type and reserve type. The cultivated land distributed in Jiyang, Shanghe, north of Zhangqiu, southeast of Pingyin had high quality and significant cluster pattern which were classified into priority type. The cultivated land area of priority type was 212123km2, accounting for 5338% of the total cultivated land area of Ji’nan. The quality of suitable type was also high, and most were distributed around the priority type. Besides, the suitable type had a role of protection and buffering for the priority type. Thus, it should be classified into prime cropland together with the priority type in order to improve the concentration of highquality prime cropland. The area of the reserve type was the least as 98898km2. It was mainly distributed in downtown and the southern mountains. The quality and concentration were relative lower. The development and utilization of reserve type should pay attention to the protection of the ecological environment. 

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董光龍,趙軒,劉金花,鄭新奇.基于耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)與空間集聚特征的基本農(nóng)田劃定研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(2):133-142. DONG Guanglong, ZHAO Xuan, LIU Jinhua, ZHENG Xinqi. Prime Cropland Assignment Based on Cultivated Land Quality Evaluation and Spatial Cluster Pattern[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(2):133-142.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-02-10
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