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縣域耕地邊際化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)與驗(yàn)證
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年基金項(xiàng)目(41501189)和河南省高校青年骨干教師項(xiàng)目(2019GGJS134)


Risk Evaluation and Verification of Marginalization of Farmland in County Area
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    摘要:

    耕地邊際化是耕地利用凈收益從多到少的過(guò)程,而撂荒則是耕地邊際化的極端表現(xiàn)。以河南省孟津縣為例,從耕地利用的自然適宜、耕作條件與機(jī)會(huì)成本等方面,對(duì)耕地邊際化的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行多維度評(píng)價(jià),并運(yùn)用遙感影像數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,識(shí)別出現(xiàn)階段影響耕地邊際化的主導(dǎo)因素。結(jié)果表明:就耕地的自然適宜評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果而言,處于高度適宜、中度適宜、低度適宜的面積分別為18900、14164、8881km2,自然適宜性是影響耕地邊際化利用的基礎(chǔ)條件,將自然適宜性差的耕地調(diào)整恢復(fù)成林地,有助于區(qū)域脆弱生態(tài)的修復(fù);就耕地的耕作便利度來(lái)說(shuō),處于高度便利、中度便利、低度便利的面積分別為:10369、21405、10171km2,對(duì)自然適宜度高而耕作不便利的耕地進(jìn)行綜合整治是提高耕地利用效率、延緩耕地邊際化利用的重要途徑;根據(jù)機(jī)會(huì)成本的耕地邊際化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,處于高機(jī)會(huì)成本、中機(jī)會(huì)成本、低機(jī)會(huì)成本的面積分別為11932、16457、13556km2。由于孟津縣高機(jī)會(huì)成本區(qū)的耕地利用能夠維持較高的利潤(rùn),因此耕地棄耕的情況較少發(fā)生。通過(guò)對(duì)土地變更數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)內(nèi)耕地和遙感影像的疊置分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)階段孟津縣耕地邊際化受自然適宜與耕作條件的影響較大。

    Abstract:

    The marginalization of farmland is the progression from high to low net profit of farmland utilization, and the abandonment of farmland is its extreme expression. This research was based on the perspective of farmland parcelization while also taking into account the natural suitability of the farmland, farming conditions, opportunity costs, and other relevant factors. Using a stepwise algorithm, a multidimensional analysis on the various factors that influencing the marginalization of farmland was performed, which was followed by verification of the outcome of analysis using remote sensing image data to identify the main factors that influencing the marginalization of farmland. The results of natural suitability evaluation showed that areas with high suitable, medium suitable and low suitability were 18900km2, 14164km2 and 8881km2, respectively, and natural suitability was the basic condition that affected the marginal utilization of cultivated land. The adjustment of cultivated land with poor natural suitability would be restored to forest land, which was conducive to the restoration of the regions fragile ecology. The areas with highly convenient, moderately convenien and inconvenient were 10369km2, 21405km2 and 10171km2, respectively. It was an important way to improve the utilization efficiency of cultivated land to carry on comprehensive management to the cultivated land with high natural suitability and inconvenient cultivation. And the areas with high opportunity cost, medium opportunity cost and low opportunity cost were 11932km2, 16457km2 and 13556km2, respectively, and the utilization of cultivated land in the area of high opportunity cost in Mengjin County can maintain a high profit, so the abandonment of cultivated land was rare. Using an overlay analysis of the database statistics of farmland and reforested land, it was discovered that currently, natural suitability and farming conditions had a more significant influence on farmland marginalization in Mengjin County. The research results may be used as a reference to formulate a more effective farmland utilization policy locally in the future.

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關(guān)小克,王秀麗,陳偉強(qiáng).縣域耕地邊際化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)與驗(yàn)證[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2020,51(2):153-160. GUAN Xiaoke, WANG Xiuli, CHEN Weiqiang. Risk Evaluation and Verification of Marginalization of Farmland in County Area[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(2):153-160.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-02-10
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