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基于卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的草莓識別方法
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51769010、51979133、51469010)


Identification Method of Strawberry Based on Convolutional Neural Network
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    摘要:

    針對目前草莓識別定位大多在簡單環(huán)境下進(jìn)行、識別效率較低的問題,提出利用改進(jìn)的YOLOv3識別方法在復(fù)雜環(huán)境中對草莓進(jìn)行連續(xù)識別檢測。通過訓(xùn)練大量的草莓圖像數(shù)據(jù)集,得到最優(yōu)權(quán)值模型,其測試集的精度均值(MAP)達(dá)到87.51%;成熟草莓的識別準(zhǔn)確率為97.14%,召回率為94.46%;未成熟草莓的識別準(zhǔn)確率為96.51%,召回率為93.61%。在模型測試階段,針對夜晚環(huán)境下草莓圖像模糊的問題,采用伽馬變換得到的增強(qiáng)圖像較原圖識別正確率有顯著提升。以調(diào)和平均值(F)作為綜合評價指標(biāo),對比多種識別方法在不同果實(shí)數(shù)量、不同時間段及視頻測試下的實(shí)際檢測結(jié)果,結(jié)果表明,YOLOv3算法F值最高,每幀圖像的平均檢測時間為34.99ms,視頻的平均檢測速率為58.1f/s,模型的識別正確率及速率均優(yōu)于其他算法,滿足實(shí)時性要求。同時,該方法在果實(shí)遮擋、重疊、密集等復(fù)雜環(huán)境下具有良好的魯棒性。

    Abstract:

    Aiming to solve the problems that strawberry identification and localization were mostly carried out in a simple environment and the identification efficiency was low, the continuous identification and detection of strawberry in a complex environment was studied, and an improved YOLOv3 identification method was proposed. By training a large number of strawberry image data sets, the optimal weight model was obtained. The mean average precision (MAP) of the test set reached 87.51%, among which the average accuracy and the recall rate of mature strawberries was 97.14% and 94.46%, respectively, and that of immature strawberries was 96.51% and 93.61%. In the model test stage, aiming at the problem of strawberry image blurring in the night environment, the recognition accuracy of the original image was significantly improved by using Gamma transform image enhancement. The harmonic mean value (F value) was used as the comprehensive evaluation index, and the actual test results of various identification methods under different fruit numbers, time periods and video tests were compared. The results showed that the improved YOLOv3 algorithm had the highest F value, the average detection time of the picture was 34.99ms, and the average detection frame rate of the video was 58.1f/s, indicating that the recognition accuracy and rate of the model were better than that of other algorithms, and it had good robustness in complex environments such as fruit occlusion, overlap and density. This study can provide theoretical basis for continuous operation of strawberry picking robot under actual working conditions.

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劉小剛,范誠,李加念,高燕俐,章宇陽,楊啟良.基于卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的草莓識別方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2020,51(2):237-244. LIU Xiaogang, FAN Cheng, LI Jianian, GAO Yanli, ZHANG Yuyang, YANG Qiliang. Identification Method of Strawberry Based on Convolutional Neural Network[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(2):237-244.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-06-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2020-02-10
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