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草地振動式間隔松土機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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“十一五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2006BAD28B0802)


Design and Experiment on Vibration Spacing Scarifier for Meadow
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    摘要:

    針對我國草原長期過載放牧,造成土壤板結(jié)嚴(yán)重,導(dǎo)致草原退化的問題,設(shè)計(jì)了9ST—460型草地振動式間隔松土機(jī)。該機(jī)采用間隔配置的梯形框架式松土部件,利用曲軸連桿機(jī)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的向上激振力,對通過松土部件的土壤進(jìn)行強(qiáng)制振動疏松,實(shí)現(xiàn)了在不破壞草原植被的條件下,對高堅(jiān)實(shí)度草原土壤的松土作業(yè)。田間試驗(yàn)表明:機(jī)具在前進(jìn)速度1m/s、振動頻率10.0Hz情況下,作業(yè)穩(wěn)定,松土效果明顯。經(jīng)檢測,松土平均深度20.01cm, 松土比43.4%,植被破壞率1.6%,生產(chǎn)率0.85hm2/h,達(dá)到了技術(shù)要求。作業(yè)后土壤容積密度和堅(jiān)實(shí)度平均降低了30.0%和48.8%,可以獲得適合牧草生長的虛實(shí)并存的耕作層,提高了土壤的蓄水保墑能力,天然草地和人工草地牧草產(chǎn)量分別增產(chǎn)73.99%和68.65%。

    Abstract:

    Aimed to the serious problem of soil compaction and grassland degradation on account of long-term grazing overload, a 9ST—460 vibration spacing scarifier for meadow was designed. The loosing soil parts of interval ladder framework were adopted. By the exciting force produced by the vibration system which is composed of connecting rod and crankshaft to loose soil, the high-solid soil was achieved to loose on the condition without damage to grassland vegetation. Experimental results showed that the scarifier has the ideal loosen effect in the forward speed of 1m/s and vibration frequency 10.0Hz. The test showed that the rate of vegetation destruction is 1.6%, tillage depth is 20.01cm, scarification ratio reaches 43.4%, and productivity reaches 0.85hm2/h. The average soil bulk density and the average firmness reduce by 30.0% and 48.8%, respectively after loosing soil. The yield of natural grassland and artificial grassland increases by 73.99% and 68.65%, respectively. The tilled soil forms the spacing cultivated horizon adapting to the growth of grass. The effect is obvious to improve the grassland ecological environment and improve grass production. 

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武廣偉,宋建農(nóng),李永磊,王繼承.草地振動式間隔松土機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2010,41(2):42-46,41. Wu Guangwei, Song Jiannong, Li Yonglei, Wang Jicheng. Design and Experiment on Vibration Spacing Scarifier for Meadow[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(2):42-46,41.

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