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牛糞、雞糞和稻稈混合的沼氣發(fā)酵特性與工藝優(yōu)
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and Process Optimization of Mixed Cow Dung, Chicken Manure and Rice Straw for Biogas Production
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    采用可控恒溫厭氧發(fā)酵裝置,選用牛糞、雞糞、稻稈3種原料,按干物質(zhì)比例0∶2∶1、0.4∶1.6∶1、0.8∶1.2∶1、1.2∶0.8∶1、1.6∶0.4∶1、2∶0∶1混合,研究了各配比在15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃下的厭氧發(fā)酵情況。結(jié)果表明:隨溫度升高,各配比產(chǎn)氣速率和累積產(chǎn)氣量均增大,15℃下發(fā)酵周期最長(zhǎng),其他溫度對(duì)發(fā)酵周期影響無(wú)顯著差異;不同配比下,累積產(chǎn)氣量均呈先增大后減小的趨勢(shì),牛糞、雞糞、稻稈3種原料混合的發(fā)酵效果顯著好于牛糞與稻稈、雞糞與稻稈2種原料混合的發(fā)酵效果,但配比對(duì)發(fā)酵周期無(wú)顯著影響。通過(guò)模型預(yù)測(cè),得到最優(yōu)工藝組合,在發(fā)酵溫度為30℃,牛糞、雞糞與稻稈配比為1.22∶0.78∶1時(shí),可獲得最大累積產(chǎn)氣量為

    Abstract:

    28308.7mL。 Fermentation of raw materials can be mixed to make up for deficiencies of the single fermentation and in different degrees to enhance the effect of fermentation of raw materials. This research was carried out in controllable constant-temperature fermentation equipment. Cow dung, chicken manure and rice straw were selected with the proportions of TS ratio(0∶2∶1、0.4∶1.6∶1、0.8∶1.2∶1、1.2∶0.8∶1、1.6∶0.4∶1、2∶0∶1) as raw materials, and biogas fermentation at temperatures of 15℃,20℃,25℃and 30℃ was studied. The main conclusions were drawn as follows: the biogas production rate and cumulative biogas yield of each proportion rose with the increase of temperature; the fermentation period was longest at 15℃, but there were no difference among the other temperatures; the cumulative biogas yield was first increased and then decreased with the change of proportion, that was fermentation of a mixture of three types of raw materials——cow dung, chicken manure and rice straw, was significantly better than the effect of the mixture of cow dung and rice straw, as well as the mixture of chicken manure and rice straw, but no significant impact on the fermentation period. The model predicted, with the optimal combination of technology, the temperature of 30℃ and the TS ratio of cow dung, chicken manure and rice straw was respectively 1.22∶0.78∶1, the cumulative biogas yield was expected to reach maximum 28308.7 mL.

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王曉嬌,李軼冰,楊改河,李敏,任廣鑫,馮永忠.牛糞、雞糞和稻稈混合的沼氣發(fā)酵特性與工藝優(yōu)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2010,41(3):104-108. and Process Optimization of Mixed Cow Dung, Chicken Manure and Rice Straw for Biogas Production[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(3):104-108.

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