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覆膜開孔蒸發(fā)條件下土體高度對水鹽運移的影響?yīng)?/div>
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Soil Column Heights on Movement of Soil Water and Soil Salt-during Evaporation under Perforated Plastic Mulch
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    摘要:

    通過不同高度土體在不同覆膜開孔率條件下的室內(nèi)蒸發(fā)試驗,研究了土體高度變化時水鹽分布的差異與相互聯(lián)系。試驗結(jié)果表明,不同高度土體的單位深度累積蒸發(fā)量與時間變化符合Gardner理論關(guān)系,單位深度累積蒸發(fā)量與時間和土體總高度存在二元線性函數(shù)關(guān)系;單位深度累積蒸發(fā)量和單位膜孔面積單位深度累積蒸發(fā)量均與土體高度和覆膜開孔率存在較好的函數(shù)關(guān)系;土體高度越小,單位深度含鹽量和鹽分濃度變化幅度越大,土體高度是影響鹽分上行的影響因素之一;覆膜開孔限制土壤水分蒸發(fā)速度進而影響土體鹽分表聚,因此減小覆膜開孔率可以有效減少土體鹽分表聚。

    Abstract:

    Through laboratory evaporation experiments of soil column with different heights and mulched at different open-hole ratios, the difference of the distributions of soil water and soil salt and their connections were studied at different heights of soil column. The results showed that, the variations between cumulative evaporation at unit depth and evaporation time fit Gardner’s theory for all the soil column heights. There were 2-variable linear functions between cumulative evaporation at unit depth, evaporation time and total soil height. There was relatively good relationship between cumulative evaporation at unit depth and total soil height as well as open-hole ratios. There were also relatively good relationship between cumulative evaporation at unit depth by unit area of film holes and total soil height as well as open hole ratios. The smaller the total soil height, the larger the variation ranges of soil salt content at unit depth and soil salt concentration. The total soil height was a factor that influenced on upward movement of soil salt. Because plastic mulch with open holes restrained soil water evaporation rates and also affected accumulation of soil salt on soil surface, it was effective to decrease soil salt accumulation on soil surface by decreasing open-hole ratios of plastic.

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高金芳,李毅,陳世平,馬孝義.覆膜開孔蒸發(fā)條件下土體高度對水鹽運移的影響?yīng)琜J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2010,41(9):50-55. Soil Column Heights on Movement of Soil Water and Soil Salt-during Evaporation under Perforated Plastic Mulch[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(9):50-55.

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