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車架彈性對(duì)重型載貨汽車行駛平順性的影響
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Frame Flexibilitys Effect on Ride Comfort of Heavyduty Truck
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    摘要:

    以某重型載貨汽車為研究對(duì)象,利用有限元方法及虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)建立整車多剛體模型和考慮車架彈性的整車剛彈耦合模型。在B級(jí)路面上滿載工況下對(duì)整車行駛平順性進(jìn)行仿真分析,研究車架柔性對(duì)駕駛員座椅地板加權(quán)振動(dòng)加速度均方根值、懸架動(dòng)撓度和車輪動(dòng)載荷3個(gè)平順性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的影響,同時(shí)進(jìn)行整車操縱穩(wěn)定性的穩(wěn)態(tài)回轉(zhuǎn)性能仿真分析,討論車架彈性對(duì)整車穩(wěn)態(tài)回轉(zhuǎn)性能的影響,并進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的實(shí)車試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。結(jié)果表明,考慮車架彈性后整車平順性的仿真分析結(jié)果比把車架視為剛體更接近試驗(yàn)結(jié)果;車架剛性越大,其低階固有振動(dòng)頻率越高,駕駛員座椅地板加權(quán)振動(dòng)加速度均方根值、懸架動(dòng)撓度和車輪動(dòng)載荷越小,整車行駛平順性變好;同時(shí)適當(dāng)增加車架的剛性,會(huì)使整車的穩(wěn)態(tài)回轉(zhuǎn)性能得到改善。設(shè)計(jì)車架時(shí),適當(dāng)增加車架剛度、提高車架低階固有振動(dòng)頻率,可改善重型載貨汽車整車行駛平順性。

    Abstract:

    It takes a newtype heavyduty truck as study object.Vehicle multi-body model and rigidflexible coupling model with flexible frame were built with FEA method and virtual prototype technology. These models with full loads were simulated in the case of Broad and weighted acceleration mean square root of the driver’s seat floor of cab, suspension dynamic deflection and tire dynamic load were analyzed with different flexible frame, at the same time, these models with full load were simulated in steadystate characteristic test, it was studied that understeer characteristic was influenced by different frame flexibility, and vehicle road tests of ride comfort and steadystate characteristic were implemented. The result showed that simulation results with flexible frame were closer to the experimental results than the ones with rigid frame. With loworder natural vibration frequencies of frame increasing, weighted acceleration mean square root of the driver’s seat floor of cab, suspension dynamic deflection and dynamic tire load became better, that is, vehicle ride comfort was improved. Simultaneously, enhancing stiffness of frame properly could change vehicle understeer characteristic for the better. Consequently, when the frame was designed, enhancing frame stiffness properly or increasing loworder natural vibration frequencies of frame were very helpful to improve ride comfort of heavyduty trucks.

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王登峰,郝 赫,劉盛強(qiáng),徐偉剛,佐安康,李政茂.車架彈性對(duì)重型載貨汽車行駛平順性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2010,41(12):7-12. Wang Dengfeng, Hao He, Liu Shengqiang, Xu Weigang, Zuo Ankang, Li Zhengmao. Frame Flexibilitys Effect on Ride Comfort of Heavyduty Truck[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(12):7-12.

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