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土壤緊實(shí)脅迫對玉米苗期生長與鈣吸收的影響
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陜西省科研推廣項(xiàng)目(413020211203533)


Effect of Soil Compaction Stress on the Growth of Corn and Calcium Absorption at the Seedling Stage
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    摘要:

    為揭示玉米對不同土壤緊實(shí)脅迫的響應(yīng)程度與機(jī)理，以鈣素為依據(jù)，設(shè)置土壤容重分別為1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4和1.5g/cm3等5個水平玉米盆栽試驗(yàn)，以探討土壤緊實(shí)度對玉米苗期生長及對鈣素吸收的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：玉米從播種到生長15d期間，其生長對土壤緊實(shí)并不敏感，而15d之后，地上部分生長速度隨土壤容重增加而受到抑制；而根系生長也由于土壤的緊實(shí)脅迫而受阻，根系干物質(zhì)質(zhì)量下降，根系活力減小，影響鈣素養(yǎng)分的吸收；玉米苗中全鈣含量最高值（1.67%）出現(xiàn)在容重1.2g/cm3處理中，土壤緊實(shí)的增加會導(dǎo)致根系活性減小，從而使作物根系對鈣素的吸收減少、作物抗性下降，導(dǎo)致作物提前衰老。因此，土壤容重影響土壤中養(yǎng)分的有效性，土壤過松或過緊均不利于作物的生長。

    Abstract:

    With the aim to evaluate the influence of soil hardness to corn growth and calcium absorption, five levels of soil hardness (soil bulk density: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5g/cm3) were established in the pot experiment. There was no significant influence of soil hardness to corn growth in the first 15d after seeding, however, it inhibited aboveground corn growth in the following days. Root dry mass and activity both decreased because of the high soil hardness which had a negative effect on calcium absorption. The highest calcium content (1.67%) occurred in the treatment with 1.2g/cm3 soil hardness. The increase of soil hardness caused root activity decrease which led to the decrease of calcium absorption, thus, lower crop resistance to disease and cause in senescence in advance. It was concluded that too high or too low density of soil bulk was disadvantage to the crop growth.

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徐海,王益權(quán),王永健,徐爽,李鵬.土壤緊實(shí)脅迫對玉米苗期生長與鈣吸收的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2011,42(11):55-59,54. Xu Hai, Wang Yiquan, Wang Yongjian, Xu Shuang, Li Peng. Effect of Soil Compaction Stress on the Growth of Corn and Calcium Absorption at the Seedling Stage[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(11):55-59,54.

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