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微咸水造墑條件下植棉方式對產量與土壤水鹽的影響
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國家自然科學基金資助項目(51179193)、現(xiàn)代農業(yè)棉花產業(yè)技術體系建設專項資金資助項目(CARS-18-19)和公益性行業(yè)(農業(yè))科研專項經費資助項目(201203077)


Effects of Different Planting Patterns on Cotton Yield and Soil Water-salt under Brackish Water Irrigation before Sowing
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    摘要:

    采用小區(qū)對比試驗,研究了5g/L微咸水造墑條件下不同種植方式(基質育苗移栽覆膜、沙培育苗移栽覆膜、點播覆膜與基質育苗移栽不覆膜、沙培育苗移栽不覆膜、點播不覆膜)對棉花土壤水鹽變化過程、成苗率、葉面積指數、產量以及纖維品質的影響。結果表明,地膜覆蓋通過減少土壤蒸發(fā)、提高土壤溫度和抑制鹽分表聚,削弱了鹽分脅迫對棉花的危害程度,棉花的成苗率、花鈴期前的葉面積指數、霜前花率以及產量均高于無覆蓋處理,同時有效地提高了棉花的纖維品質;基質育苗移栽和沙培育苗移栽技術呈現(xiàn)了一定的增產潛力,尤其是在棉花生長中后期連陰天較多的2011年,育苗移栽棉花增產效果顯著。

    Abstract:

    Effects of six planting patterns on cotton soil water-salt movement, seedling rate, leaf area index, yield and fiber quality under irrigation before sowing with 5g/L brackish water were studied by plot comparative trial. The planting patterns were respectively seeding raising and soil-substrate transplanting with plastic mulching, seeding raising in sand and root-naked transplanting with plastic mulching, seeding raising and soil-substrate transplanting without plastic mulching, seeding raising in sand and root-naked transplanting without plastic mulching, and bunch planting without plastic mulching. The results showed that salt stress towards cotton was reduced by applying plastic film mulching to decrease soil evaporation, improve soil temperature as well as inhibit salt accumulation in surface. Under the film mulching conditions, the cotton seedling rate, leaf area index before blossoming and boll forming stage, pre-frost yield and yield were higher than that without plastic mulching. Fiber quality was also improved. The techniques of seeding raising and soil-substrate transplanting and seeding raising in sand and root-naked transplanting showed a good yield-increasing potential. Especially during the successive overcast days in the middle-late stages of cotton (in 2011), the yield of seedling transplantation cotton was greatly improved. 

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張俊鵬,曹彩云,馮棣,孫景生,李科江,劉浩.微咸水造墑條件下植棉方式對產量與土壤水鹽的影響[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2013,44(2):97-102. Zhang Junpeng, Cao Caiyun, Feng Di, Sun Jingsheng, Li Kejiang, Liu Hao. Effects of Different Planting Patterns on Cotton Yield and Soil Water-salt under Brackish Water Irrigation before Sowing[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(2):97-102.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-02-04
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