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鹽土改良中砂柱的作用機(jī)理研究
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國家林業(yè)局林業(yè)公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目(201004021)和國家農(nóng)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化示范區(qū)資助項(xiàng)目(SFQ7-13)


Mechanism of Sand Column in Improving Coastal Saline Soil
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    采用室內(nèi)土柱模擬試驗(yàn)結(jié)合田間試驗(yàn)的方法對(duì)砂柱在鹽土改良中的作用機(jī)理及應(yīng)用效果進(jìn)行了初步研究。結(jié)果表明:在土柱模擬試驗(yàn)中,設(shè)置砂柱的土柱3次淋水水分平均下滲速率達(dá)到0.132 mm/min,是未設(shè)置砂柱的1.73倍;含鹽量由3.78%降低至0.51%,淋鹽效率是未設(shè)置砂柱的1.45倍;其淋水后pH值較未設(shè)置砂柱的降低了0.12,田間試驗(yàn)區(qū)淋水后表現(xiàn)出和土柱試驗(yàn)相似的規(guī)律。同時(shí),隨著砂柱密度的增加,土壤脫鹽率、脫鹽均勻度提高,抑制pH值升高效果增加,砂柱間距0.67 m的田間試驗(yàn)區(qū)土壤脫鹽率達(dá)到83.9%,垂直方向均勻度差值為3.9%,而未設(shè)置砂柱的脫鹽率僅為53.2%,均勻度差值達(dá)到33.1%,前者pH值相對(duì)后者降低了0.59。在一定范圍內(nèi),鹽土含鹽量、pH值及水分下滲速率顯著線性相關(guān),隨著淋水速率加快、pH值升高,鹽土含鹽量降低。綜合考慮各方面效果砂柱處理以間距0.67 m為最佳。

    Abstract:

    To explore the role of sand column in improving the saline soil, a series of experiments combining soil column simulation and field monitoring were carried out. The results indicated that the average water infiltration rate of the soil column reached to 0.132mm/min in three washing repeats with the help of sand columns, which was 1.73times higher than that of the soil column without sand columns. And the salinity decreased from 3.78% to 0.51% with sand columns, which was 1.45times higher than that of the soil column without sand columns. Moreover, the former’s pH value decreased by 0.12 compared with the latter’s after washing. Similar results could be found in the field contrast experiments. The increase in density of the sand column could enhance the desalination rate and the evenness of salt washing, and also inhibit the growing of pH value. The desalination rate reached to 83.9% and the vertical evenness difference was 3.9% with sand columns at an interval of 0.67m in field contrast experiments. But without sand columns, the desalinating rate was just 53.2% and the vertical evenness difference stood at 33.1%. The pH value decreased by 0.59 with the sand columns. To a certain degree, there was a correlation among the salt content, pH value and the water infiltration rate. The salinity went down with the increase of pH value and water infiltration rate. With all factors taken into consideration, the 0.67 m interval of sand column was the best. 

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張博,馬晨,馬履一,賈黎明,賈忠奎,劉洪慶.鹽土改良中砂柱的作用機(jī)理研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2013,44(6):122-127,214. Zhang Bo, Ma Chen, Ma Lüyi, Jia Liming, Jia Zhongkui, Liu Hongqing. Mechanism of Sand Column in Improving Coastal Saline Soil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(6):122-127,214.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-05-28
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