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燃燒室和噴油器結(jié)構(gòu)對重型柴油機性能與排放的影響
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)資助項目(2012AA111714)和國家國際科技合作項目(2010DFA74530)


Effects of Structure of Combustion Chamber and Injector on Heavy-duty Diesel Performance and Emission Characteristics
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    摘要:

    在一臺兩級增壓共軌重型柴油機上,重點研究燃燒室與噴油器結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、廢氣再循環(huán)(EGR)參數(shù)等因素對燃燒過程、性能和排放特性的影響。數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果表明,相比原機燃燒室(CR17.5),CR16.8和CR16.2的缸內(nèi)混合氣湍動能增大,油氣混合更為均勻。試驗結(jié)果表明,相比CR17.5和CR16.2,CR16.8能有效提高燃燒反應(yīng)速率、縮短燃燒持續(xù)期而降低有效燃油消耗率(BSFC),CR16.2因壓縮比降低過大,BSFC最高。綜合數(shù)值模擬與試驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),大負荷等EGR率時,CR17.5的NOx和碳煙(soot)生成量最高,但最終的碳煙排放量低于CR16.2。CR16.8缸內(nèi)湍動能最高,NOx 與碳煙之間的折衷關(guān)系明顯改善。噴油器優(yōu)化匹配試驗結(jié)果表明,相比原機直孔噴油器,帶倒錐度噴孔且孔徑減小的噴油器S4和S5能顯著降低碳煙,明顯改善NOx與碳煙之間的折衷關(guān)系。

    Abstract:

    The experimental study on the effects of structural parameters of combustion chamber and injector, as well as EGR on combustion process, performance and emissions, was conducted on a common-rail heavy-duty(HD) diesel engine matched with two-stage turbocharger. The results of numerical simulation show that compared with CR17.5, CR16.8 and 16.2 can enhance in cylinder turbulent kinetic energy, promote the mixture of air and fuel and lead to more homogeneous mixtures. The tested results show that compared with CR17.5 and CR16.2, CR16.8 can reduce BSFC because it can enhance burning rate, shorten combustion duration. CR16.2 will lead to an increase in BSFC due to its much lower compression ratio. The results of numerical simulation and test demonstrate that NOx and soot emissions of CR17.5 are highest of all at a given EGR rate under high load conditions. However, the final soot level of CR17.5 is lower than that of CR16.2. Compared with other combustion chambers, CR16.8 can reduce soot and improve the trade-off of NOx soot due to its higher turbulent kinetic energy. The tested results concerning fuel injector matching show that relative to the fuel injector with straight holes, soot can be reduced and the trade off of NOx soot can be improved greatly via using S4 and S5, both of which have taper holes.

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司鵬鹍,陳貴升,王 鑫,毛 斌,鄭尊清,堯命發(fā).燃燒室和噴油器結(jié)構(gòu)對重型柴油機性能與排放的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2013,44(11):12-18. Si Pengkun, Chen Guisheng, Wang Xin, Mao Bin, Zheng Zunqing, Yao Mingfa. Effects of Structure of Combustion Chamber and Injector on Heavy-duty Diesel Performance and Emission Characteristics[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(11):12-18.

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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2013-11-07
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