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不同空化數下軸流泵葉頂間隙區(qū)空化特性
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國家自然科學基金資助項目(51109093、51079063)、江蘇省自然科學基金資助項目(BK2011503)、中國博士后科學基金資助項目(2011M500117、2012T50468)、江蘇省六大人才高峰資助項目(2011-ZBZZ-015)和江蘇省優(yōu)勢學科建設工程資助項目


Tip Clearance Cavitation Characteristics in Axial Flow Pump under Different Cavitation Numbers
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    摘要:

    基于修正的SST k-ω湍流模型和空化模型,對葉頂間隙為0.5 mm軸流泵模型進行了數值計算,分析了不同空化數下葉頂區(qū)不同圓柱截面的空化面積、葉輪出口軸向速度以及葉頂區(qū)空泡體積分數等特性。數值計算與高速攝影試驗結果表明,數值模擬方法準確預測了軸流泵NPSH曲線和葉頂區(qū)空化流場;軸流泵初生空化出現在葉頂區(qū),其空化類型主要包括刮起渦空化、泄漏流空化、卷吸區(qū)空化及葉頂泄漏渦空化;在空化數為0.451時,葉頂泄漏渦具有明顯的渦帶空化特性,隨著空化數的逐漸降低,葉頂泄漏渦卷吸區(qū)的空化范圍逐漸擴展,并與泄漏流空化區(qū)連成一片,且空泡云擴展到整個葉片吸力面;在間隙泄漏流作用下,葉輪出口軸向速度在靠近間隙區(qū)域逐漸降低,并隨著空化數減小,軸面速度進一步下降;在不同空化數下,葉片吸力面圓周截面空化面積系數從輪轂到輪緣先增大,在葉片中部達到最大值,然后迅速減小,在葉頂區(qū)由于受到間隙效應的影響,葉頂區(qū)空化面積迅速增大。

    Abstract:

    The cavitation flow field in the axial flow model pump with tip clearance δ=0.5 mm was simulated based on modified SST k-ω turbulence model and cavitation model. The cavitation bubble distributions at different circumferential sections, meridional velocity distribution at impeller outlet and cavitation volume fraction were analyzed. Numerical and experimental results showed that the NPSH curve and tip region cavitation flow were predicted successfully. Cavitation inception in axial flow pump occured in the tip region, including blowing vortex cavitation, leakage flow cavitation, rolling region cavitation and tip leakage vortex cavitation. In the condition of cavitation number σ=0.451, the tip leakage vortex induced obvious cavitation cloud. The cavitation range of rolling region expanded with the decreasing of cavitation number gradually, and merged with the leakage flow cavitation area, and finally extended the cavitation bubble cloud to the entire suction side of the blades. The meridional velocity at impeller outlet near the gap region decreased gradually, in the influence of the gap leakage flow, and was further declined with the decreasing cavitation number. In different cavitation conditions, the circumferential section cavitation area coefficient of the blade, ranging from the hub to the tip, increased primarily, nd decreased afterwards. In the tip region, cavitation area coefficient bursted to the peak and dropt rapidly.

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張德勝,王海宇,施衛(wèi)東,邵佩佩,潘大志.不同空化數下軸流泵葉頂間隙區(qū)空化特性[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2014,45(2):115-121. Zhang Desheng, Wang Haiyu, Shi Weidong, Shao Peipei, Pan Dazhi. Tip Clearance Cavitation Characteristics in Axial Flow Pump under Different Cavitation Numbers[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(2):115-121.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-02-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-02-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-02-10