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脫硫石膏淋洗次數(shù)對銨態(tài)氮遷移特征的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(40971130)和水利部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)經(jīng)費(fèi)資助項(xiàng)目(201301094)


Effects of the Leaching Times and Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum on Ammonium Nitrogen Transport in Solonetz
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    基于室內(nèi)土柱穿透試驗(yàn),設(shè)置4組試驗(yàn)處理:3組施加脫硫石膏,不同次數(shù)淋洗處理;1組無脫硫石膏無淋洗對照處理。通過分析NH+4、Ca2+、Na+3種離子相互關(guān)系及土壤水力傳導(dǎo)度的變化情況,研究脫硫石膏及不同淋洗次數(shù)對堿土養(yǎng)分離子銨態(tài)氮遷移轉(zhuǎn)化的影響。結(jié)果表明:堿土混合脫硫石膏后未經(jīng)淋洗的情況下會(huì)抑制堿土對NH+4的吸附效果,但隨著穿透前被淋洗次數(shù)的增加,NH+4在鹽堿土中穿透曲線的斜率減小,吸附作用增強(qiáng)。從節(jié)水控鹽、促進(jìn)土壤肥力吸收、抑制土壤次生鹽堿化的因素來看,根據(jù)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果推測銨肥不適合與脫硫石膏同時(shí)施加到堿土土壤中。建議在施肥前,拌施脫硫石膏的堿土宜采用秋澆與春灌相結(jié)合的方式,每次淋洗662.7m3/hm2水量,這種淋洗方式在保證改良效果,促進(jìn)肥料吸收的基礎(chǔ)上,還可以適當(dāng)減少秋澆灌水量,合理分配灌區(qū)有限的淡水資源。

    Abstract:

    Based on the soil column breakthrough experiment in laboratory, four treatments (desulfurization gypsum with none or one or three leaching times; no desulfurization gypsun with none leaching time) were set up. With the analysis of relationship among these three ions: NH+4, Ca2+, Na+ and the hydraulic conductivity (HC), the effects of the leaching times and flue gas desulfurization gypsum on ammonium nitrogen transport in solonetz were investigated. The results showed that the suppression of the adsorption of ammonium was occurred in the solonetz combined with desulfurization gypsum without leaching. But with the leaching times increasing before penetration, the slope of the breakthrough curve reduced and the adsorption enhanced. In the view of controlling water and salt, promoting the adsorption of fertilizer, inhibition of soil secondary salinization, it was inappropriate to put the ammonium fertilizer together with desulfurization gypsum in solonetz at the same time. It suggested that the solonetz mixed with desulfurization gypsum should be leached two times, which are autumn irrigation and spring irrigation, with the leaching amount of 662.7m3/hm2. On the basis of ensuring the reclamation effect, this leaching way can decrease the amount of autumn irrigation and distribute the limited freshwater resources reasonably in the area.

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賀 新,蘇艷平,楊培嶺,任樹梅,俞昊良.脫硫石膏淋洗次數(shù)對銨態(tài)氮遷移特征的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(5):113-117. He Xin, Su Yanping, Yang Peiling, Ren Shumei, Yu Haoliang. Effects of the Leaching Times and Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum on Ammonium Nitrogen Transport in Solonetz[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(5):113-117.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-07-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-05-10