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玉米生長(zhǎng)期土壤抗剪強(qiáng)度變化特征及其影響因素
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(40901138、41271307)和四川省學(xué)術(shù)和技術(shù)帶頭人培養(yǎng)資金資助項(xiàng)目(2012)


Change Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Shear Strength during Maize Growing Period
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    采用野外實(shí)測(cè)與室內(nèi)分析相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)玉米各生育期土壤抗剪強(qiáng)度變化特征及其影響因素進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明:隨著玉米生育期推進(jìn),0~5cm土層土壤抗剪強(qiáng)度持續(xù)增加,于成熟期達(dá)最大;5~10cm和10~15cm土層表現(xiàn)為先增加后減小,在抽雄期達(dá)最大;15~20cm土層抗剪強(qiáng)度總體較大。玉米對(duì)0~5cm 、5~10cm和10~15cm土層土壤抗剪強(qiáng)度的增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)較好,其增強(qiáng)率在抽雄期最高??辜魪?qiáng)度與土壤含水率呈線性函數(shù)關(guān)系,與土壤容重呈極顯著線性正相關(guān);含根量、根長(zhǎng)和根系體積等根系參數(shù)與土壤抗剪強(qiáng)度呈極顯著正相關(guān),土壤抗剪強(qiáng)度增強(qiáng)值與0~1mm根長(zhǎng)增加值呈極顯著正相關(guān)。土壤抗剪強(qiáng)度隨玉米生育期推進(jìn)逐漸增強(qiáng),含水率、容重和玉米根系對(duì)土壤抗剪強(qiáng)度具有較大影響,采用一定耕作和水保措施增加土壤表層含水率和容重,同時(shí)選取含0~1mm根徑較多的玉米品種對(duì)該區(qū)域水土流失防治具有重要意義。

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    In order to explore the change characteristics of soil shear strength, change characteristics and influence factors of soil shear strength were studied during maize growing period based on the method of field investigation and laboratory. The result showed that in the 0~5cm soil layer, soil shear strength increased gradually with the maize growth period and reached the maximum in mature period. However, soil shear strength increased first and then decreased with the maize growth period in the 5~10cm and 10~15cm soil layers, and soil shear strength reached the maximum in tasseling period. Soil shear strength showed the higher values in the different maize growing periods. The reinforcing effects of the shear strength in the first three soil layers were the better, and the reinforcing rates were the highest in tasseling period of maize. There existed linear function between soil shear strength and the soil moisture, and there were significant positive linear correlations between soil shear strength and soil bulk density, root amount, root length, root volume. At the same time, there were significant positive correlations between the reinforcing values of the shear strength and increasing value of 0~1mm root length. Soil shear strength enhanced gradually with the maize growth period, and soil water content, bulk density and maize root had a great influence on soil shear strength. So, it had significant importance for soil erosion control to select the maize variety with 0~1mm root ,and applied soil and water conservation measures to increase soil water content and bulk density.

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鄭子成,張錫洲,李廷軒,金 偉,林超文.玉米生長(zhǎng)期土壤抗剪強(qiáng)度變化特征及其影響因素[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(5):125-130. Zheng Zicheng, Zhang Xizhou, Li Tingxuan, Jin Wei, Lin Chaowen. Change Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Shear Strength during Maize Growing Period[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(5):125-130.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-07-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-05-10