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施灌沼肥對(duì)土壤氨揮發(fā)和氮素下滲規(guī)律的影響
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2011BAD15B04)、黑龍江省教育廳科學(xué)技術(shù)研究項(xiàng)目(12511045、12511048)和黑龍江省博士后科研啟動(dòng)基金資助項(xiàng)目(LBH-Q10148)


Influence of Biogas Slurry Application on Ammonia Volatilization and Nitrogen Infiltration
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    摘要:

    為探討施灌沼肥對(duì)土壤氨揮發(fā)和氮素下滲的影響,在室溫條件下,采用土柱模擬試驗(yàn),系統(tǒng)研究沼肥不同施用量和不同施用深度對(duì)土壤表面的NH3揮發(fā)及土壤垂直剖面上的總氮、NH+4N、NO-3N下滲的影響規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明:表施沼肥時(shí),土壤表面的NH3揮發(fā)累積量和揮發(fā)的延續(xù)時(shí)間均隨沼肥施用量的增加而增加;土壤垂直剖面上的含水率、總氮和NH+4N均主要集中在表層土壤,而NO-3N可遷移至較深層土壤。底施沼肥時(shí),NH3揮發(fā)累積量隨著沼肥施用深度的增加而減少,施用深度為10cm時(shí)便可有效減少沼肥的NH3揮發(fā)損失;同時(shí)土壤垂直剖面上的含水率和總氮、NH+4N、NO-3N質(zhì)量比的最高點(diǎn)均與沼肥施用深度呈顯著正相關(guān)。

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    In order to investigate the law of ammonia volatilization and nitrogen infiltration in the process of biogas slurry application, the influence rules of different application rate and depth of biogas slurry on the ammonia volatilization of the soil surface and the infiltration of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in vertical soil profile were explored systematically by soil column experiments at room temperature. The experimental results showed that the total ammonia volatilization of the soil surface and the duration of volatilization were all positively correlated with biogas slurry application rate. The moisture content, total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in vertical soil profile were mainly distributed in topsoil. But the nitrate nitrogen had migrated to deep layer soil with the water infiltration of biogas slurry. The total ammonia volatilization of the soil surface decreased with the increase of biogas slurry application depth when the biogas slurry was used as basic fertilizer. The ammonia volatilization rate of biogas slurry could be effectively reduced when the biogas slurry application depth was ten centimeters. And the peaks of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in vertical soil profile were all positively correlated with biogas slurry application depth.

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王忠江,蔡康妮,王麗麗,王光遠(yuǎn),李文哲.施灌沼肥對(duì)土壤氨揮發(fā)和氮素下滲規(guī)律的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(5):139-144. Wang Zhongjiang, Cai Kangni, Wang Lili, Wang Guangyuan, Li Wenzhe. Influence of Biogas Slurry Application on Ammonia Volatilization and Nitrogen Infiltration[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(5):139-144.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-01-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-05-10