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基于CoupModel的三峽庫(kù)區(qū)典型農(nóng)林地水量平衡模擬
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(41271300、30900866)、中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金資助項(xiàng)目(TD2011-2)、“十二五”農(nóng)村領(lǐng)域國(guó)家科技計(jì)劃課題資助項(xiàng)目(2011BAD38B0403)和國(guó)家林業(yè)局林業(yè)科技推廣資助項(xiàng)目(2012-42)


Water Balance Models of Typical Forestland and Farmland in Three Gorges Reservoir Area with CoupModel
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    摘要:

    應(yīng)用CoupModel(土壤-植物-大氣系統(tǒng)熱量、物質(zhì)運(yùn)移綜合模型),在野外觀測(cè)試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)三峽庫(kù)區(qū)典型闊葉林(木荷和石櫟)、針葉林(杉木和馬尾松)和農(nóng)地(玉米)SPAC系統(tǒng)水量平衡進(jìn)行了模擬。結(jié)果表明,土壤含水率模擬結(jié)果與實(shí)測(cè)值具有較好的一致性(R2為0.80~0.91);蒸散是水量平衡中主要的支出項(xiàng),比例高達(dá)61%,蒸散量由大到小為闊葉林(720 mm/a)、針葉林(700 mm/a)、農(nóng)地(601 mm/a);農(nóng)地年均深層滲透量(452 mm/a)分別比闊葉林、針葉林高60 mm和47 mm,且在降雨較多的年份表現(xiàn)更明顯;試驗(yàn)期間闊葉林系統(tǒng)水分支出高于輸入,這是引起闊葉林地土壤儲(chǔ)水呈現(xiàn)負(fù)補(bǔ)償現(xiàn)象的主要原因;水分盈余是農(nóng)地水量平衡的主要特征,而林地卻發(fā)生了春旱和秋旱,農(nóng)林地水分條件具有較大差異。植被覆蓋類(lèi)型對(duì)水量平衡具有重要影響。在實(shí)施植被建設(shè)、退耕還林時(shí),選擇與當(dāng)?shù)厮謼l件相適應(yīng)的樹(shù)種、采取合理的撫育措施是必要的。

    Abstract:

    Based on field measurement, the CoupModel (Coupled heat and mass transfer model for soil-plant-atmosphere system) was applied to simulate water balance in three kinds of vegetation types, including broadleaved forest (Schima superba and Lithocarpus glaber), coniferous forest (Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana) and farmland (Zea mays) in Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China. The results showed that the simulated values of soil moisture were fairly consistent with measured ones and the determination coefficient ( R2 ) were 0.80 to 0.91. Evapotranspiration was main output of water balance with the percentage up to 61%, and the figures were ranked as follows: broad-leaved forest (720 mm/a)>coniferous forest (700 mm/a) > farmland (601 mm/a). Annual simulated deep percolation decreased by 60 mm for broad-leaved forest and 47 mm for coniferous forest compared with that for farmland (452 mm/a), and it was even greater in wet year. For broad-leaved forestland, water consumption was more than income during the experimental period, which was the main reason causing soil water deficit. The water balance of farmland was characterized by moisture surplus, while spring and autumn drought occurred in forestlands. There was obvious difference between forestland and farmland for water conditions. Model results indicated that the vegetation species significantly influenced the magnitude of water balance components, which called for further attention to the selection of tree-species when planning future afforestation projects. Forest tending should also be applied scientifically during the practice of vegetation restoration. 

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王賢,張洪江,呂相海,程金花,王偉,李世友.基于CoupModel的三峽庫(kù)區(qū)典型農(nóng)林地水量平衡模擬[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(6):140-149,160. Wang Xian, Zhang Hongjiang, Lü Xianghai, Cheng Jinhua, Wang Wei, Li Shiyou. Water Balance Models of Typical Forestland and Farmland in Three Gorges Reservoir Area with CoupModel[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(6):140-149,160.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-09-19
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2014-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-06-10