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包裝對食品凍結(jié)過程的影響研究
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黑龍江省自然科學(xué)基金面上項目(E201309)


Study on the Effects of Packaging on Food Freezing
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    摘要:

    通過模擬和實驗方法研究食品包裝對凍結(jié)過程的影響,首先,使用CFD方法模擬食品的凍結(jié)條件,包括食品周圍空氣的溫度、流動速度及紊流強度等空氣參數(shù),以此來計算得到食品的表面?zhèn)鳠嵯禂?shù),然后使用自然對流和輻射換熱經(jīng)驗公式計算食品與包裝材料之間的空氣層內(nèi)的傳熱過程,在食品內(nèi)部每一點應(yīng)用傅里葉導(dǎo)熱公式模擬食品內(nèi)部的傳熱過程,最后使用迭代方法將這幾部分計算結(jié)合起來。在一實際的小型冷庫中進行不同包裝材料食品的凍結(jié)實驗,以驗證模型的準確性。結(jié)果表明,相對于傳統(tǒng)的空氣層熱阻處理方式,該模型能夠獲得更加準確的計算結(jié)果,與實驗結(jié)果吻合較好。不同包裝材料的食品降溫曲線差別較大,包裝材料與食品之間的空氣層對食品凍結(jié)過程有很大的影響,其熱阻在整個過程中是不斷變化的,變化趨勢與食品降溫曲線相反。

    Abstract:

    The effects of packaging on food freezing was investigated using both modeling and experimental methods. First, CFD method was employed to model the freezing condition of food in freezing chamber, including air temperature, air velocity and turbulent intensity, which was then used to calculate the surface heat transfer coefficient of food product. Empirical relations for free convection and radiation were used to simulate the heat transfer inside the air layer between food and packaging material. Fourier formula was applied to model the heat transfer inside food. Finally, an iteration scheme was used to combine all parts together. Freezing experiments were conducted in a small freezer to verify the model, which showed encouraging agreements on freezing curves of food at different locations. Packaging has a big influence on food freezing, food with different packaging differs greatly in freezing process. The thermal resistance of air layer in packaging changes in a reverse trend of food temperature drop.

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王貴強,鄒平華,劉明生,劉永鑫.包裝對食品凍結(jié)過程的影響研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2014,45(7):171-176. Wang Guiqiang, Zou Pinghua, Liu Mingsheng, Liu Yongxin. Study on the Effects of Packaging on Food Freezing[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(7):171-176.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-02-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2014-07-10