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礦區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤重金屬分布特征與污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目(201203045)


Distribution of Farmland Heavy Metals and Pollution Assessment in Mining Area
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    摘要:

    對渭北旱原礦區(qū)130個(gè)農(nóng)田土壤樣品的Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn含量進(jìn)行了測定,結(jié)果顯示,Cd、Cu、Pb平均含量均高于陜西省土壤背景值,而Cr和Zn含量低于背景值。利用地統(tǒng)計(jì)方法得到的土壤重金屬含量分布圖顯示,土壤各重金屬含量由西向東呈下降趨勢,水泥廠周邊土壤重金屬含量最高。相關(guān)性分析和主成分分析結(jié)果表明,5種重金屬之間呈極顯著正相關(guān),說明其存在較高的同源性或復(fù)合關(guān)系。第1主成分主要由Cd構(gòu)成,且主要反映了人為活動(dòng)的影響,而第2主成分中的Cr所占負(fù)荷最高,體現(xiàn)了成土母質(zhì)的作用,Cu、Pb和Zn含量受人為活動(dòng)和成土母質(zhì)共同影響。分別利用污染負(fù)荷指數(shù)(PLI)法和潛在生態(tài)危害指數(shù)(PER)法對研究區(qū)域土壤污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了評價(jià),評價(jià)結(jié)果為煤礦區(qū)呈無污染或輕微到中度污染,水泥廠區(qū)土壤呈中度污染水平,單一元素污染程度由高到低依次為Cd、Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn。

    Abstract:

    130 soil samples from farmlands in Weibei dry-land mining area were collected and analyzed for the content of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn. The results indicated that the average contents of Cd, Cu, Pb were higher than those of Shaanxi Province soil background, while Cr and Zn contents were lower than those. The geostatistical analysis results suggested that the heavy metal contents decreased from west to east, and had the highest contents all around cement factory. There were significantly positive correlation among Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn. The principal component analysis was applied to estimate the sources of heavy metals. Cd in factor 1 was associated with anthropogenic activities, whereas Cr in factor 2 was mainly controlled by parent material, Cu,Pb and Zn were affected by both two factors. The quality of soils were evaluated with pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk index(PER), respectively. The results show that coal mine area was clean or slightly to moderately polluted, while the cement factory area was moderately polluted. Heavy metals in soil were ranked by pollution index as Cd,Pb,Cu,Cr,Zn.

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龐 妍,同延安,梁連友,侯廷渝,高義民.礦區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤重金屬分布特征與污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(11):165-171. Pang Yan, Tong Yanan, Liang Lianyou, Hou Tingyu, Gao Yimin. Distribution of Farmland Heavy Metals and Pollution Assessment in Mining Area[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(11):165-171.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-03-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-11-10
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