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不同水質(zhì)膜下滴灌棉田鹽分空間變異特征
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(41172218)


Spatial Variability of Cotton Field Salinity under Mulched Drip Irrigation with Brackish and Fresh Water
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    為評(píng)價(jià)不同水質(zhì)膜下滴灌棉田土壤鹽分空間分布及變異性,采用EM38-MK2型電磁感應(yīng)儀對微咸及淡水滴灌田塊進(jìn)行鹽分調(diào)查。解譯模型獲得的土壤含鹽質(zhì)量比描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)特征表明,微咸水滴灌的積鹽程度高于淡水滴灌,但其變異系數(shù)相對較小。采用GS+軟件擬合最優(yōu)半方差函數(shù)模型,微咸水處理為指數(shù)模型,淡水處理為高斯模型,均表現(xiàn)為強(qiáng)的空間相關(guān)性;微咸水處理變程大于淡水處理,增加了土壤鹽分的空間相依性。Kriging空間插值及變異分析表明,淡水滴灌棉田土壤鹽分微域及全域空間變異程度強(qiáng)于微咸水滴灌,二者均存在影響棉花出苗的鹽斑。建議用水緊張時(shí),可基于EM38-MK2型電磁感應(yīng)儀的鹽分調(diào)查結(jié)果,重點(diǎn)淋洗鹽斑集中分布區(qū)域,以節(jié)水增產(chǎn)。

    Abstract:

    Shallow brackish water is widely distributed throughout north and northwest China and could be rational used. To evaluate the spatial distribution and variability of cotton field salinity under mulched drip irrigation with brackish and fresh water in southern Xinjiang, electromagnetic induction EM38-MK2 was applied to measure the apparent soil electrical conductivity. Statistical characteristics of soil salinity from the interpretation models of soil salinity showed that the scenario of brackish water irrigation had the higher salinity level and the lower variation coefficient than the fresh water irrigation. The optimal semi-variance models of brackish water and fresh water irrigation were exponential and Gaussian models respectively. Both models were characterized by strong spatial correlation. Compared with fresh water irrigation, the scenario of brackish water irrigation with the higher salinity level had the lager range variation and increased the spatial dependency of soil salinity. The spatial distribution of field salinity interpolated by Kriging method showed that both scenarios of brackish and fresh water irrigation had some filed parts with high salinity level, which would affect cotton emergence. EM38-MK2 would be suggested to investigate the field salinity distribution. According to soil salinity levels of different parts, amount of fresh water of flood irrigation for leaching salinity could be defined to save water and ensure the agriculture production.

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栗現(xiàn)文,靳孟貴.不同水質(zhì)膜下滴灌棉田鹽分空間變異特征[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(11):180-187. Li Xianwen, Jin Menggui. Spatial Variability of Cotton Field Salinity under Mulched Drip Irrigation with Brackish and Fresh Water[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(11):180-187.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-11-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-11-10
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