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基于溝式栽培的全封閉溫室降溫方法與作物生長(zhǎng)研究
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)資助項(xiàng)目(2012AA101903、2011AA100504)和西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)青年資助項(xiàng)目(Z109021202)


Cooling Method and Vegetable Growth in Closed Greenhouses Based on Ditch Cultivation
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    摘要:

    利用地溫相對(duì)恒定、受外界環(huán)境影響較小的特點(diǎn),在全封閉溫室內(nèi)采用溝式栽培法,根據(jù)蒸騰量進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充灌溉,營造適宜作物生長(zhǎng)的條件,研究不同溝深栽培條件下溫室內(nèi)環(huán)境因子的差異及其對(duì)小白菜蒸騰速率、產(chǎn)量和水分生產(chǎn)率的影響。結(jié)果表明:高溫環(huán)境下,0.7m和0.9m深度處理的溫度較溫室內(nèi)對(duì)照CKi有明顯的降低,最大溫差大于20℃;光照強(qiáng)度隨著溝深的增加而減弱,但0.9m深度處理的光照強(qiáng)度仍能滿足光合作用的需求;空氣相對(duì)濕度基本保持在25%~75%之間,適宜植株生長(zhǎng);水分生產(chǎn)率的大小在各處理中表現(xiàn)為0.9m>0.7m>0.5m>0.25m>CKi>CKo。高溫季節(jié)0.7m和0,9m的深度更適宜小白菜的生長(zhǎng)。溝式栽培法可解決全封閉溫室的高溫、高濕問題,同時(shí)可提高作物水分生產(chǎn)率。

    Abstract:

    Since the soil temperature in closed greenhouses is relatively constant and less influenced by external environment, the ditch cultivation method in closed greenhouses is adopted to conduct tests in this research. Moreover, water is supplied according to the transpiration to create suitable conditions for crops. The differences among the environmental factors of different ditches with various depth and their influences on transpiration rate, yield of Chinese cabbage as well as water productivity are researched. The results show that in high temperature condition the temperature values in 0.7m and 0.9m (the depth of the ditch) are reduced obviously compared with CKi (Check treatment in greenhouse), and the maximum temperature difference is larger than 20℃. The humidity is maintained between 25% and 75%, which is suitable for the growth of crops. The water productivity for each treatment are: 0.9m>0.7m>0.5.m>0.25m>CKi>CKo. In high temperature, ditches with the depths of 0.7m and 0.9m are more suitable for the growth of Chinese cabbage. Therefore, ditch cultivation method can solve the high temperature and high humidity problems of closed greenhouse. Meanwhile, it can improve the crop water productivity.

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張敏,張富倉,薛緒掌,李霞,王國棟.基于溝式栽培的全封閉溫室降溫方法與作物生長(zhǎng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2014,45(12):187-193. Zhang Min, Zhang Fucang, Xue Xuzhang, Li Xia, Wang Guodong. Cooling Method and Vegetable Growth in Closed Greenhouses Based on Ditch Cultivation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(12):187-193.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-12-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-12-10
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