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修剪對黃土丘陵區(qū)棗樹蒸騰的調(diào)控作用
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2011BAD29B04、2013BAD20B03)、林業(yè)公益性行業(yè)科研專項資助項目(20140470)和陜西省科技統(tǒng)籌創(chuàng)新工程計劃資助項目(2013KTZB02—03—02)


Effect of Trim on Jujube Transpiration in Loess Hilly Region
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    摘要:

    對棗樹樹體進(jìn)行梯度修剪,采用熱擴(kuò)散探針(TDP)液流監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)和中子水分儀對棗樹的蒸騰和土壤水分進(jìn)行同步動態(tài)監(jiān)測,通過2年連續(xù)監(jiān)測發(fā)現(xiàn):修剪對棗樹不同時間尺度上的蒸騰均有顯著影響。修剪可以顯著降低棗樹開花坐果期和果實膨大期的樹體蒸騰,降低對土壤水分的消耗。與對照處理相比,輕度、中度和重度修剪的棗樹全生育期蒸騰總量分別下降31.7%、52.0%和68.6%。通過線性和非線性的分析方法,分析了蒸騰和樹體規(guī)格指標(biāo)之間的關(guān)系,構(gòu)建了自然降水量和修剪目標(biāo)產(chǎn)量的數(shù)學(xué)模型。提出適宜的陜北棗林可持續(xù)經(jīng)營的目標(biāo)產(chǎn)量為1,2×104kg/hm2,適宜的節(jié)水型修剪調(diào)控樹體指標(biāo)為冠幅體積和新稍長度。

    Abstract:

    In order to alleviate the soil drying of the jujube forest in semiarid loess area, we took the gradient control on jujube tree specifications by pruning, using the TDP tree rod liquid flow monitoring system to monitor the jujube tree transpiration and CNC100 neutron moisture meter to monitor soil moisture. It was found that the pruning on jujube had a significant influence on the transpiration and water consumption at different time scales through the research for two consecutive years. Pruning can significantly reduce the tree transpiration in flowering period of fruit and fruit enlargement period of jujube, and reduce the consumption of soil moisture. Compared with the control treatments, the tree transpiration with mild, moderate and severe pruning of the whole growth period decreased by 31.7%, 52.0% and 68.6%, respectively. The relationship between tree transpiration and specifications were analyzed by linear and nonlinear analysis method, and then a mathematical model of natural precipitation and trim production target was built. The suitable target yield for the sustainable management of jujube forest in northern Shaanxi was 1.2×104kg/hm2, and the tree index for water-saving trim regulation was the crown and the new length. The new mode was formed that the production of jujube was determined by soil moisture and jujube specifications were determined by production.

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魏新光,陳滇豫,Liu Shouyang,汪星,高志永,汪有科.修剪對黃土丘陵區(qū)棗樹蒸騰的調(diào)控作用[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2014,45(12):194-202,315. Wei Xinguang, Chen Dianyu, Liu Shouyang, Wang Xin, Gao Zhiyong, Wang Youke. Effect of Trim on Jujube Transpiration in Loess Hilly Region[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2014,45(12):194-202,315.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-08-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2014-12-10
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