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油菜直播機(jī)開溝犁體曲面優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51275197、51105161)、“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(20013BAD08B02)、國家油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目(CARS-13)、中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)資助項(xiàng)目(2014PY033)和武漢市高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(2014070504020240)


Surface Optimization and Experiment on Ditch Plow of Direct Rapeseed Seeder
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    摘要:

    為減小油菜直播機(jī)開畦溝系統(tǒng)牽引阻力并分析機(jī)組不同作業(yè)速度對(duì)牽引阻力影響的規(guī)律,開展了開畦溝犁體曲面參數(shù)與作業(yè)速度的試驗(yàn)研究。建立了EDEM離散元土壤仿真模型,以犁體牽引阻力為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)分別開展以鏵刃起土角、導(dǎo)曲線開度、直元線起始角、直元線最大角及作業(yè)速度為試驗(yàn)因素的試驗(yàn);構(gòu)建了犁體曲面優(yōu)化模型,并開展了犁體曲面的3D打印及試制加工。仿真試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在試驗(yàn)范圍內(nèi),牽引阻力隨鏵刃起土角增大而減小,分別隨導(dǎo)曲線開度、直元線起始角、直元線最大角增大而增大,隨作業(yè)速度的增大而急劇增大,作業(yè)速度從1.0m/s增加到2.0m/s,牽引阻力及功耗分別為前者的1.98倍及3.97倍;仿真優(yōu)化結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)犁體在一定工作參數(shù)條件下,鏵刃起土角為15°,導(dǎo)曲線開度為190mm,直元線起始角為35°,直元線最大角為40°時(shí),犁體牽引阻力最小為24111N,比優(yōu)化前減少11.26%。為考察優(yōu)化犁體實(shí)際田間作業(yè)效果,對(duì)犁體進(jìn)行3D打印及試制加工并與原有犁體進(jìn)行田間對(duì)比試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明優(yōu)化犁體作業(yè)的畦溝溝底大塊土垡少,殘留土壤質(zhì)量減少62.87%,溝底干凈,T型溝明顯。

    Abstract:

    In order to reduce the traction resistance of ditch plow system and analyze the influence of operating speed on ditch plow system, the parameters of plow surface and operating speed were studied. The EDEM model of soil-plow simulation was established. The experiment was made with traction resistance as target and plow blade angle, opening of guiding curves, starting angle of straight-line elements, maximal angle of straight-line elements and operating speed as factors. The simulation results showed that during the range of the experiment, traction resistance decreased when plow blade angle increased while it increased when opening of guiding curves, starting angle of straight-line elements, maximal angle of straight line elements increased, respectively. Traction resistance increased rapidly when operating speed increased. When operating speed ranged from 1.0m/s to 2.0m/s, traction resistance and power consumption became 1.98 times and 3.97 times bigger, respectively. The simulation optimization results indicated that under certain working conditions, when the values of plow blade angle, opening of guiding curves, starting angle of straight-line elements, maximal angle of straight-line elements were 15°, 190mm, 35° and 40° respectively, the minimal value of traction resistance was 24111N, 11.26% less than before. In order to observe the field working performance of optimized plow, the plow were printed by 3D printers and manufactured in the factory, and contrastive experiment was carried out. The results showed that compared with the former, the number of large soil block was smaller and the quality of residual soil was 62.87% less at the bottom of ditch, and the T shape of ditch was more obviously. The research conclusions could provide reference for the future optimization of ditch plow system and operating study of actual field working speed.

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張青松,廖慶喜,汲文峰,劉宏博,周 洋,肖文立.油菜直播機(jī)開溝犁體曲面優(yōu)化與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(1):53-59. Zhang Qingsong, Liao Qingxi, Ji Wenfeng, Liu Hongbo, Zhou Yang, Xiao Wenli. Surface Optimization and Experiment on Ditch Plow of Direct Rapeseed Seeder[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(1):53-59.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-04-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-01-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-01-10