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太行山前平原井灌農(nóng)田點尺度土壤水分動態(tài)隨機模擬
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國家重點基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計劃(973計劃)資助項目(2010CB951102)和“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2012BAC19B03)


Stochastic Model of Irrigated Farmland Soil Moisture Dynamics at a Point in Piedmont of Mount Taihang
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    基于中國科學院欒城農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)試驗站2002—2008年夏玉米生長期內(nèi)的土壤水分觀測數(shù)據(jù)及2000—2008年的降水(灌溉)、氣象、生物數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合Laio土壤水分動態(tài)隨機模型研究了太行山山前平原典型農(nóng)田點尺度土壤水分動態(tài)的隨機性。結(jié)果表明:研究區(qū)2000—2008年夏玉米生長期內(nèi)日平均降水量為10.71mm,降水頻率0.2909,其中小雨、暴雨的發(fā)生頻率表現(xiàn)出明顯上升趨勢,中雨的發(fā)生頻率呈顯著下降趨勢,大雨發(fā)生頻率表現(xiàn)出微弱下降傾向;玉米生長期的土壤含水率6月份處于增長期,7月份達到生長期最高值并穩(wěn)定在32.2%的水平,8月份以后下降并在9月份趨于穩(wěn)定;Laio模型模擬得到土壤相對濕度的概率密度函數(shù)在曲線形狀(峰值、峰值出現(xiàn)的位置、90%置信區(qū)間)與數(shù)字特征(中位數(shù)、均值、方差)方面與觀測結(jié)果一致(α=0.05),模型在井灌區(qū)具有很好的適用性,且可以將灌溉作為一次降雨事件來處理;應用Laio模型得到在多年平均降雨條件下,32.1mm的田間凈灌溉量可以在50%水平上使夏玉米生長期內(nèi)的土壤含水率保持在田間持水量的80%以上。

    Abstract:

    Un-deterministic dynamic of the energy process, water recycling and biological process in farmland is leading from its stochastic components, such as precipitation, evapotranspiration, heterogeneity of soil, topography and so on. The soil water balance is often described as a reservoir that is deterministically depleted via water losses due to evapotranspiration, runoff, leakage, and stochastically receives water from precipitation, so the stochastic property is the inherent nature of soil moisture. Based on the data of soil moisture, precipitation, meteorology and crop from 2000 to 2008 in Luancheng experimental station of agro-ecosystem of CAS on the stage of summer maize growth, the simulation was carried out with the stochastic model for soil moisture dynamics of the farmland at a point in piedmont plain of Taihang Mountain by using Laio model. The results show that the frequency and mean amount of daily rainfall from 2000 to 2008 in study area on the stage of summer maize growth are 0.2909, 10.71mm, respectively. And different changing trends were found among the frequency occurrence of different rainfall levels, the light rain and storm showed sharply increase trends, and the opposite trends was found in the moderate rain, for the heavy rain, the trends was slightly decrease. The revolution of soil water content of the growth stage of summer maize was expressed as increasing in June, stable in July, and decreased from August to September, and the maximum of soil water content was found in July, the value was 32.2%. A good agreement between the result of modeling and observation was found based on the curve shape of probability density function which included the curve peak value, the position of the peak, the confidence interval of 90% and the digital characteristic of the relative soil moisture which included the median value, expected value, and the variance(α=0.05). And the Laio model had a good application in the irrigated farmland, and the irrigation was treated as a rain. The amount of the irrigation which could made the soil moisture remained above 80% of field capacity on the stage of the summer maize growth under any loss in irrigation activity conditions was calculated by the Laio model, and the value was 32.1mm at the probability of 50%.

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任慶福,嚴登華,穆文彬,裴宏偉.太行山前平原井灌農(nóng)田點尺度土壤水分動態(tài)隨機模擬[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2015,46(3):131-141. Ren Qingfu, Yan Denghua, Mu Wenbin, Pei Hongwei. Stochastic Model of Irrigated Farmland Soil Moisture Dynamics at a Point in Piedmont of Mount Taihang[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(3):131-141.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-08-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-03-10
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