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淀粉基生物可降解薄膜的沼氣發(fā)酵特性研究
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農(nóng)業(yè)部科技重大專項資助項目(2011ZX08003-002)和安徽省高校省級自然科學(xué)研究資助項目(KJ2014A073)


Biogas Production Characteristics of Biodegradable Starch Films
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    摘要:

    分別以高直鏈玉米淀粉和普通玉米淀粉為模式原料,與聚乙烯醇(PVA)及甘油共混制備了2種淀粉基生物可降解薄膜。通過厭氧發(fā)酵實驗,考察并比較了2種淀粉薄膜的沼氣發(fā)酵過程、發(fā)酵潛力、能源轉(zhuǎn)化效率以及膜結(jié)構(gòu)形貌的變化特征。結(jié)果表明:普通玉米淀粉薄膜和高直鏈玉米淀粉薄膜均具有良好的生物降解性能,2種薄膜的厭氧生物降解率和沼氣發(fā)酵潛力均相當;然而,高直鏈淀粉薄膜的結(jié)構(gòu)和成分更有利于沼氣發(fā)酵的進行,其發(fā)酵過程比普通淀粉薄膜更加平穩(wěn),能夠有效減少發(fā)酵罐的酸化并縮短發(fā)酵周期,同時具有更高的能源轉(zhuǎn)化效率。此外,綜合農(nóng)用薄膜年產(chǎn)量和淀粉基薄膜的產(chǎn)氣率,若用高直鏈淀粉或普通淀粉薄膜替代普通農(nóng)用膜,則經(jīng)厭氧處理后相應(yīng)的年產(chǎn)能分別為3.31×10 5GJ/a和3.18×10 5GJ/a,可見淀粉基生物可降解薄膜是一種非常有潛力的厭氧發(fā)酵原料。

    Abstract:

    Normal maize starch and high-amylose maize starch were served as modal materials to prepare starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blends, respectively. The processes of anaerobic degradation were investigated in detail by evolutions of gas production, pH value in reactors, the potential of biogas-production, the energy conversion efficiency as well as the changes of film structures and compositions, to further understand the influence of the two native starches on biogas production. The results indicated that both of the films had good biodegradabilities in anaerobic condition and comparative potential of biogas-production. Nonetheless, the structure of high-amylose maize starch/PVA film was more suitable and beneficial to the anaerobic biodegradation than the normal maize starch/PVA film, because it could effectively avoid accumulation of volatile fatty acids, which contributed to the stable biogas production, 〖JP2〗short fermentation period, non souring in the reactor and higher energy conversion efficiency. Based on the agricultural film yield per year and biogas production of starch film, the corresponding energy production of high amylose maize starch/PVA film and normal maize starch/PVA film were 3.31×10 5GJ/a and 3.18×10 5GJ/a, respectively. It suggested that the starch film is a potential material for anaerobic digestion.

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馬歡,薛娟,劉萍,劉偉偉,程備久,朱蘇文.淀粉基生物可降解薄膜的沼氣發(fā)酵特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2015,46(3):180-185. Ma Huan, Xue Juan, Liu Ping, Liu Weiwei, Cheng Beijiu, Zhu Suwen. Biogas Production Characteristics of Biodegradable Starch Films[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(3):180-185.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-08-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-03-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-03-10
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