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邛海盆地土壤氮素空間變異特征與影響因素研究
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“十一五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2008BAK51B02)和四川省科技支撐計劃資助項目(2010NZ0105、2011SZZ023、2013SZ0110、2014SZ0059)


Spatial Variability of Soil Nitrogen and Its Influential Factors in Qionghai Basin
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    摘要:

    以西昌市邛海盆地為研究區(qū)域,隨機均勻布點采集386個耕作層土壤樣點,分析化驗土壤理化性質(zhì),運用地統(tǒng)計學(xué)方法和GIS技術(shù)研究邛海盆地表層土壤氮素含量的空間變異特征,利用方差分析、緩沖區(qū)分析和回歸分析定量分析區(qū)域內(nèi)土壤氮素空間變異的影響因素。研究結(jié)果表明,研究區(qū)表層土壤全氮和速效氮含量分別為(1.85±0.51)g/kg和(138.5±47.7)mg/kg,屬較豐富水平,變異系數(shù)分別為27.52%和32.24%,屬中等差異強度;土壤全氮和速效氮具有中等程度的空間相關(guān)性,空間變異均以隨機變異為主,具有各向異性特征,在西北—東南方向上空間變異相對劇烈;研究區(qū)土壤全氮和速效氮含量總體上呈條帶狀或斑塊狀分布特征,高值區(qū)主要位于西昌市的東南郊區(qū),并以此高值中心向南、向東和向北3個方向逐步遞減,低值區(qū)主要出現(xiàn)在邛海北面近湖岸地帶。影響因素分析結(jié)果表明,土地利用方式、土壤母質(zhì)、土壤質(zhì)地、土壤pH值、城鎮(zhèn)、河流、邛海湖對土壤全氮和速效氮空間變異具有顯著影響,而道路對土壤氮素空間變異影響不顯著。

    Abstract:

    Soil nitrogen is necessary nutrient elements for plant in agricultural ecosystem,and excessive nitrogenous fertilizer is one of the main reasons of rural surface source pollution and water eutrophication. Therefore, understanding the spatial variability of soil nitrogen is vital for agricultural production and ecological environment protection. Qionghai lake is the second largest inland plateau freshwater lake of Sichuan Province. And it is important conservation areas for drinking water and nature reserve. Presently the water quality of Qionghai lake was mesotrophic status. Excessive nitrogen from rural surface source pollution was one of the main pollution factors. In this research, 386 soil sample points were selected by using random sampling method in Qionghai Basin,and soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed. Furthermore,spatial variability of soil nitrogen in the surface layer of this region was analyzed by using the geostatistics and GIS method,and its influential factors were also analyzed by means of variance analysis and buffer analysis.The results showed that the contents of soil total nitrogen (TN) and available nitrogen (AN) were (1.85±0.51) g/kg and (138.5±47.7) mg/kg, respectively. Variable coefficients of TN and AN were 27.52% and 32.24%, respectively, which belonged to a moderate level. Geostatistical analysis suggested that the spatial autocorrelations of soil TN and AN were moderate level,and random factors played a more important role in spatial variability than structural factors.The spatial variability of soil TN and AN were anisotropic, and obvious in northeast—southwest direction. TN and AN in the area were distributed in band and patches.Regions with high soil TN and AN contents were mainly distributed in southeast suburbs of Xichang City, and decreased gradually to north, east and south. Regions with low soil TN and AN contents were mainly distributed in north lakeshore zone of Qionghai lake. Spatial variability of soil TN and AN was significantly influenced by land use types, soil parent materials, soil textures, soil pH values as well as distributions of citiy, town, river and Qionghai lake. There was no significant correlation between spatial variability of soil TN and AN contents and roads.

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胡玉福,鄧良基,肖海華,舒向陽,黃成毅,羅瀾芳.邛海盆地土壤氮素空間變異特征與影響因素研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2015,46(4):132-140. Hu Yufu, Deng Liangji, Xiao Haihua, Shu Xiangyang, Huang Chengyi, Luo Lanfang. Spatial Variability of Soil Nitrogen and Its Influential Factors in Qionghai Basin[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(4):132-140.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-09-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-04-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-04-10
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