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指夾式精量玉米排種器改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2014BAD06B04)


Improved Design and Experiment on Pickup Finger Precision Seed Metering Device
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    摘要:

    為滿足精密播種作業(yè)要求,采用夾持充種、振動(dòng)清種及柔性導(dǎo)種等方式,對(duì)指夾式精量玉米排種器進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)。通過(guò)對(duì)其工作原理的分析,對(duì)關(guān)鍵部件取種指夾、振動(dòng)區(qū)及零速導(dǎo)種帶的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。為提高排種器作業(yè)性能,得出其最佳工作參數(shù),以工作轉(zhuǎn)速和彈簧絲徑為試驗(yàn)因素,粒距合格指數(shù)、重播指數(shù)和漏播指數(shù)為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行二次正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn),運(yùn)用Design-Expert 6.0.10軟件進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理,建立因素與指標(biāo)之間數(shù)學(xué)模型以進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,彈簧絲徑為0.77mm,排種器轉(zhuǎn)速小于19.2r/min時(shí),合格指數(shù)為86.90%,重播指數(shù)為9.62%,漏播指數(shù)為3.51%,合格指數(shù)比改進(jìn)前提高13.5%,破損率為0.4%。在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行排種適應(yīng)性試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明指夾式精量玉米排種器對(duì)大扁馬齒型籽粒具有良好的適應(yīng)性,滿足精密播種農(nóng)藝要求。

    Abstract:

    In order to meet the requirements of precision planting, pickup finger precision seed metering device was designed, which can perform operations of seed clamping, seed vibration cleaning and seed flexible guiding. The optimal designs of structural parameters in key components, such as the pickup finger, the vibration cleaning area, and the zero speed guiding belt, were conducted based on the analysis of working principle. To improve the working performance of the metering device and obtain the best operation parameters, the quadratic general rotary unitized design was carried out with the rotational speed of seed meter and the wire diameter of spring as the experiment factors and the seeding qualified index, the relaying seed qualified index and the missing seed qualified index as the experimental indexes. Based on experimental data, a mathematical model was built by using the Design-Expert 6.0.10 software, the experimental factors were optimized, and the best combination was achieved. Test results showed that when the spring’s wire diameter was 0.77mm and the rotational speeds were less than 19.2r/min, the seeding qualified index was 86.90%, the relaying seed qualified index was 9.62%, the missing seed qualified index was 3.51%, the improved metering device exceeded the original one by 13.5% in terms of the seeding qualified index, the damage rate of corn seed was 0.4%. On this basis, metering adaptability test was carried out which proved that the pickup finger seed precision metering device had good adaptability to corn of big flat dent, which met the requirements of precision seed sowing.

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王金武,唐 漢,周文琪,楊文盼,王 奇.指夾式精量玉米排種器改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(9):68-76. Wang Jinwu, Tang Han, Zhou Wenqi, Yang Wenpan, Wang Qi. Improved Design and Experiment on Pickup Finger Precision Seed Metering Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(9):68-76.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-02-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-09-10
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