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行星刷式株間鋤草機械手優(yōu)化與試驗
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國家高技術研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)資助項目(2012AA041507、2013AA102406)、中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務費專項資金資助項目(2013XI004)和北京高等學校青年英才計劃資助項目(31056101)


Optimization and Experiment of Intra-row Brush Weeding Manipulator Based on Planetary Gear Train
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    摘要:

    針對根系較發(fā)達作物和易板結土壤工況下的株間鋤草,設計了行星刷式株間鋤草機械手。研究了鋤草機械手避苗鋤草的工作原理,建立了運動學模型,研究了刷盤上點的運動軌跡和速度曲線隨行星輪系傳動比變化的規(guī)律。將覆蓋率、入侵率及保護區(qū)范圍作為鋤草效果的評價指標,通過設計鋤草機械手的結構參數(shù),對鋤草刷盤運動軌跡進行仿真,分析刀桿偏心距、鋤草刷盤直徑及裝置相對作物行橫向偏移對覆蓋率和入侵率的影響。仿真結果表明刀桿偏心距80mm、橫向偏移20mm以及鋤草刷盤直徑60~180mm為最優(yōu)參數(shù),可獲得直徑30~140mm的保護區(qū)及80%以上的株間覆蓋率。對優(yōu)化后的機械手進行大田鋤草試驗,選用傳動比為3的行星輪系,平均鋤草率可達89.3%,平均傷苗率為3.5%,滿足鋤草要求。

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    An intrarow brush weeding manipulator was designed for the crops with developed root system and compact soil condition. The manipulator is a part of intelligent weeding machine. Brush weeding with brush placed on a vertical rotating axis which is mounted on eccentric shank for avoiding crops is a new method for intrarow weeding. The principles of weeding and crop plants avoiding were studied. The mathematical model of device was established for kinematic analysis. In order to optimize the best structure parameter, the effect of three parameters (eccentricity of brush, diameter of brush, lateral offset) on crop row and trajectory of brush weeding device was analyzed based on Matlab. The results showed that 80mm eccentricity of brush and 20mm lateral offset which could acquire more than 80% coverage area of manipulator in the row were optimal parameters. Field trials showed that an average of 89.3% weeds could be removed and 3.5% crops were damaged when the transmission ratio of planetary gear was 3. Therefore, the intrarow weeding manipulator was able to meet the intrarow weeding requirements.

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陳子文,李 南,孫 哲,李 濤,張春龍,李 偉.行星刷式株間鋤草機械手優(yōu)化與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2015,46(9):94-99. Chen Ziwen, Li Nan, Sun Zhe, Li Tao, Zhang Chunlong, Li Wei. Optimization and Experiment of Intra-row Brush Weeding Manipulator Based on Planetary Gear Train[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(9):94-99.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-01-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-09-10
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