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基于單目視覺與超聲檢測的振蕩果實采摘識別與定位
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)資助項目(2006AA10Z259)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費專項資金資助項目(KYZ201325)


Recognition and Location of Oscillating Fruit Based on Monocular Vision and Ultrasonic Testing
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    摘要:

    針對采摘機(jī)器人在果實振蕩情況下因難以精確定位影響采摘效率的問題,提出了一種基于單目視覺與超聲檢測的振蕩果實識別與定位方法。首先對采集的振蕩果樹圖像序列進(jìn)行基于色差R-G的Otsu閾值分割和形態(tài)學(xué)處理,接著對圖像果實區(qū)域進(jìn)行灰度填充,將處理后的圖像序列疊加得到復(fù)合圖像和目標(biāo)果實運動區(qū)域,求取振蕩果實在圖像運動區(qū)域的二維平衡位置坐標(biāo)。然后機(jī)械手在視覺引導(dǎo)下運動,其末端指向振蕩果實二維平衡位置坐標(biāo),同時超聲傳感器檢測目標(biāo)果實深度信息并提取超聲回波信號峰峰值進(jìn)行果實識別,當(dāng)檢測到果實處于適合采摘位置時,機(jī)械手爪抓取果實。采摘試驗表明,采摘成功率為86%,驗證了所采用方法的有效性,為實現(xiàn)采摘機(jī)器人實用化提供了參考。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of low picking efficiency of harvesting robot under the target fruit oscillation condition, a recognition and location method of oscillating fruit based on monocular vision and ultrasonic testing was proposed. Firstly, the acquired sequential images of oscillating fruit were segmented by using Otsu algorithm based on R-G color component; morphological operation was employed to eliminate residual noise; and the region of target fruit was separated from backgrounds. Secondly, the region of target fruit was filled with gray threshold. Thirdly, the processed sequential images were superimposed and a composite image was obtained, and the 2-D centroid coordinates of the oscillating fruit were extracted from the fruit oscillating region in the composite image. Fourthly, the picking manipulator was controlled to move and its end was pointed to 2-D centroid coordinates, at the same time, the depth information of the target fruit was acquired through ultrasonic testing, and the peak-to-peak value of ultrasonic echo signal was extracted for recognition of fruit and tree. Finally, the end-effector of picking manipulator was started to grab the fruit when it was within valid range and the manipulator was stopped motion. The experiments results showed that the success rate of picking can reach 86%. This method is universal and suitable for apple, citrus, pears and other spherical fruits. The research can provide a reference for realization of harvesting robot practicability.

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李國利,姬長英,顧寶興.基于單目視覺與超聲檢測的振蕩果實采摘識別與定位[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2015,46(11):1-8. Li Guoli, Ji Changying, Gu Baoxing. Recognition and Location of Oscillating Fruit Based on Monocular Vision and Ultrasonic Testing[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(11):1-8.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-04-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-11-10
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