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川北山區(qū)坡耕地侵蝕耕作對(duì)土壤團(tuán)聚體碳的影響
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(973計(jì)劃)資助項(xiàng)目(2015CB452704)


Tillage Erosion Impacts on Soil Aggregate Associated Carbon in Mountainous Region Slope Farmland of Northern Sichuan
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    為更好地了解耕作侵蝕對(duì)坡耕地土壤碳循環(huán)的影響,采用137Cs示蹤技術(shù)研究了川北山區(qū)坡耕地土壤再分配對(duì)土壤有機(jī)碳和團(tuán)聚體有機(jī)碳含量與儲(chǔ)量的影響。結(jié)果表明:與該區(qū)土壤137Cs有效背景值比較,短坡耕地上坡部位(坡頂、坡肩)土壤中137Cs含量降低了76.91%,而下坡部位(坡腳、坡趾)增加了24.02%;坡耕地上坡部位發(fā)生土壤損失,耕作侵蝕平均速率為63.22t/(hm2·a),占土壤總侵蝕的94.61%,耕作導(dǎo)致下坡土壤沉積,平均沉積速率為23.94t/(hm2·a)。上坡土壤中大于2000μm、250~2000μm和53~250μm的團(tuán)聚體所占比例顯著低于下坡,而小于53μm的團(tuán)聚體所占比例則相反;土壤及不同粒級(jí)團(tuán)聚體的有機(jī)碳含量與儲(chǔ)量下坡顯著高于上坡。土壤和不同粒級(jí)團(tuán)聚體的有機(jī)碳含量與137 Cs面積濃度呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,說明侵蝕引起土壤再分配造成上坡有機(jī)碳含量貧瘠,而下坡相對(duì)富集。因此,川北山區(qū)坡耕地施肥管理應(yīng)關(guān)注土壤質(zhì)量空間變異特征。

    Abstract:

    In order to better understand the effects of tillage erosion on carbon cycle in the sloping farmland, responses of soil organic carbon and aggregate associated carbon to soil erosion were explored in a mountainous region of northern Sichuan Basin, southwest China, with 137Cs tracer and laboratory analysis method. The results showed soil loss was found in upslope where 137Cs concentrations were lower (soil erosion rates were greater), whereas soil deposit occurred in the bottom of sloping farmland where 137Cs concentrations were higher (soil erosion rates were less). Not only water erosion but also tillage erosion contributed to soil losses. Tillage erosion played an important role in sloping farmland soil redistribution, average tillage erosion rate in upslope was 63.22t/(hm2·a), occupying 94.61% of total soil erosion. Soil deposit rate was 23.94t/(hm2·a)in low positions. Soil erosion resulted in the lowest >2000μm, 250~2000μm and 53~250μm size aggregates, and created the highest <53μm aggregate fraction in upslope. Meanwhile, soil organic carbon and aggregate associated carbon content and stock were significantly lower in upslope positions than these in bottom slope positions. There was significant correlation between soil organic carbon, content of aggregate associated carbon and 137Cs inventory, suggesting that soils were more fertile in bottom positions than in top positions due to soil redistribution by soil erosion. Therefore, fertilization management strategies should involve spatial variation of soil properties in purple soil of hilly sloping farmland.

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樊紅柱,張建輝,王 勇,蔣 松.川北山區(qū)坡耕地侵蝕耕作對(duì)土壤團(tuán)聚體碳的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(11):157-164. Fan Hongzhu, Zhang Jianhui, Wang Yong, Jiang Song. Tillage Erosion Impacts on Soil Aggregate Associated Carbon in Mountainous Region Slope Farmland of Northern Sichuan[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(11):157-164.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-05-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-11-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-11-10