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機器人采摘葡萄果穗振動仿真與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51475212)、江蘇高校優(yōu)勢學(xué)科建設(shè)工程項目(PAPD)、江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金項目(BK20151339)和江蘇大學(xué)第13批大學(xué)生科研立項(Y13A089)


Simulation and Test of Grape Fruit Cluster Vibration for Robotic Harvesting
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    摘要:

    針對機器人摘取及移送過程中導(dǎo)致的果穗振動與果粒脫落問題,提出了一種面向穗軸激勵輸入的果穗振動仿真模型。以葡萄為研究對象,在果穗“梗-果”結(jié)構(gòu)特性基礎(chǔ)上,提出了“撓性桿-鉸鏈-剛性桿-質(zhì)量球”復(fù)合果穗模型,并由試驗確定了模型中各級梗間鉸鏈彈性系數(shù)與阻尼系數(shù)、果粒尺寸與質(zhì)量的正態(tài)分布規(guī)律,獲得了主穗軸的抗彎特性。進而利用激光3D掃描重構(gòu)得到梗系統(tǒng),根據(jù)試驗結(jié)果分別進行剛性、撓性桿件定義和果粒與梗間鉸鏈的添加,構(gòu)建得到果穗振動仿真模型。通過仿真精度驗證試驗發(fā)現(xiàn),在激勵作用的加速、勻速和減速階段,經(jīng)正態(tài)分布統(tǒng)計仿真與實測中果穗的各果粒擺角均值與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差相差均在2%和6.6%以內(nèi),表明不同階段其精度均良好。最終利用該模型分析了不同激勵方式及不同采摘階段對果穗振動的影響。果穗振動仿真模型的建立,為實現(xiàn)各類果穗的機器人“減振低脫”采摘提供了有力的分析工具。

    Abstract:

    To reduce the serious vibration and fruit dropping that may occur in highspeed robotic harvesting of fruit clusters, a simulation model of fruit cluster vibration is necessary to vibration law discovery, influencing factor analysis and optimal control study. To achieve all of the above objectives, the simulation model must take into account of the individual difference of component properties and embody the complex multilevel stem structure, multiple fruits distribution and multiplex excitation transmission. Therefore, a flexible rodhingerigid rodmass composite model was first put forward based on the structure of stemfruit system of grape cluster, and viscoelastic property of hinges and bending property of main spikestalk were determined by large sample tests. Then, simulation model of grape fruit cluster was constructed by reconstitution of the solid stem system with 3D laser scan, replacement of main spikestalk with flexible rod, random addition of fruits and definition of different components according to their normal distribution from the above test results. The accuracy of the simulation model was verified by experiments, and error of the mean value and standard deviation of fruit relative swinging angle under different excitation methods are within 2% and 6.6%, respectively. Finally, the effects of various excitation methods and harvesting stages on cluster vibration were analyzed with this model. To conclude, the successful establishment of this simulation model of grape fruit cluster provides an excellent analytical tool for robotic lowvibration and antifall harvesting of various fruit clusters.

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劉繼展,唐善奇,單帥,居錦,李茂,朱新新.機器人采摘葡萄果穗振動仿真與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2016,47(5):1-8. Liu Jizhan, Tang Shanqi, Shan Shuai, Ju Jin, Li Mao, Zhu Xinxin. Simulation and Test of Grape Fruit Cluster Vibration for Robotic Harvesting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(5):1-8.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-10-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-05-10
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