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電驅(qū)鋤草機器人系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)項目(2013AA102406)、國家自然科學基金項目(31301232)、中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費專項資金項目(2015QC004)和北京高等學校青年英才計劃項目(31056101)


System Design and Experiment of Electric Driven Weeding Robot
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    摘要:

    根據(jù)移栽蔬菜田間鋤草作業(yè)工況和要求,基于視覺伺服控制技術(shù),設(shè)計了電驅(qū)鋤草機器人系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)以中小功率拖拉機為配套動力,由伺服電動機驅(qū)動月牙形鋤草刀護苗鋤草和對行,減少了能耗與污染物排放,提高了系統(tǒng)伺服特性。機器視覺系統(tǒng)實時采集田間圖像并處理,對作物進行識別與定位??刂破鹘Y(jié)合視覺系統(tǒng)獲取的刀苗距、鋤草機器人前進速度、鋤刀相位角度及機器人橫向偏差信息,利用智能伺服驅(qū)動器精確控制鋤草刀避苗和對行。試驗表明,在前進速度不高于1.5km/h、作物株距不小于 0.35m工況下,傷苗率小于10%,田間雜草鋤凈率約為90%。

    Abstract:

    With the increase of demand for organic vegetable, automated mechanical weeding machines are more and more in need. According to the working condition and requirement of weeding operation for transplanted vegetable crops, an electric driven weeding robot system was developed and tested. Carried by a middle or lowhorsepower tractor, the weeding robot could efficiently remove inter and intrarow weeds. The system was equipped with a machine vision system, which acquired and processed field images in real time to recognize crops and obtain their locations. Four electric motors were used to drive three crescent weeding blades and the steering mechanism to avoid crops and follow crop rows. The system had two microcontrollers to control weeding blades and the steering mechanism separately. The controllers fused bladecrop distance, phase position of motors and forward speed of robot, to accurately guide the weeding blades avoiding crops and tracking the rows. To evaluate the working performance of weeding robot, tests were conducted on concrete road surface and in field respectively. Results of the tests indicated that the robot could remove 90% weeds while the crop damage rate was less than 10%, when the speed was under 1.5km/h and plant spacing was above 0.35m. Compared with hydraulic driven weeding machine, it had lower energy consumption, less pollution and better servo property.

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李南,陳子文,朱成兵,張春龍,孫哲,李偉.電驅(qū)鋤草機器人系統(tǒng)設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(5):15-20. Li Nan, Chen Ziwen, Zhu Chengbing, Zhang Chunlong, Sun Zhe, Li Wei. System Design and Experiment of Electric Driven Weeding Robot[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(5):15-20.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-05-10