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微波頻率、含水率與無機(jī)鹽對小麥胚芽介電特性的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31371877)、中國博士后基金特別資助項(xiàng)目(2013T60510)、江蘇省博士后基金項(xiàng)目(1202070C)和江蘇大學(xué)高級人才基金項(xiàng)目(12JDG055)


Effect of Microwave Frequency, Water and Inorganic Salts on Dielectric Properties of Wheat Germ
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    摘要:

    為探明微波穩(wěn)定麥胚的機(jī)制,以小麥胚芽為研究對象,研究了不同測量頻率、含水率、脂肪含量及添加不同無機(jī)鹽條件下麥胚粉體的介電特性(介電常數(shù)ε′和介電損耗因數(shù)ε″)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在2個常用微波頻率下,小麥胚芽ε′在頻率為915MHz時略大于2450MHz時,但ε″在2450MHz時明顯大于915MHz時;小麥胚芽介電特性隨含水率的增加而增大,當(dāng)其含水率從4%增至16%時,其ε′和ε″分別從2.61和0.02升高至4.32和0.8;不同脂肪含量的小麥胚芽的介電特性相差較小,尤其是ε″;對比添加5種無機(jī)鹽后小麥胚芽介電特性發(fā)現(xiàn),NaCl對其ε′和ε″有明顯增加作用,尤其是當(dāng)NaCl的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為1%時,效果最明顯。

    Abstract:

    Microwave can stabilize the quality of wheat germ rapidly and uniformly with the advantages of losing nutrition minimally. To investigate the mechanism of microwave on the stability of wheat germ, the dielectric properties (ε′ and ε″) of wheat germ were studied under different frequencies, water contents, fat contents and salts, including sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and iron ion. The results showed that, when the frequency was 915MHz, ε′ is slightly higher than that at 2450MHz, while ε″ was less than that at 2450MHz significantly. When water content is 16%, with frequency changes from 915MHz to 2450MHz, ε′ was decreased from 4.91 to 4.32, and ε″ was increased from 0.33 to 0.80. As water content of wheat germ increasing, the dielectric properties of wheat germ were increased significantly. When the water content was increased from 4% to 16%, the ε′ was increased from 2.61 to 4.32, and ε″ increased from 0.02 and 0.8, respectively. Fat content had little effect on the dielectric properties of wheat germ, particularly has no effect on ε″. Among the five salts, adding NaCl can increase ε′ and ε″ of wheat germ. Especially when NaCl concentration was 1%, ε′ was increased slightly while ε″ was increased apparently from 0.8 to 1.3, which can enhance enzyme inactivation effect of microwave.

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吳其飛,王力坤,陳中偉,徐斌.微波頻率、含水率與無機(jī)鹽對小麥胚芽介電特性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(5):225-230. Wu Qifei, Wang Likun, Chen Zhongwei, Xu Bin. Effect of Microwave Frequency, Water and Inorganic Salts on Dielectric Properties of Wheat Germ[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(5):225-230.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-13
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-05-10