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小尺度荷電噴霧系統(tǒng)霧化區(qū)場(chǎng)強(qiáng)分布特性分析
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51376066)、內(nèi)燃機(jī)燃燒學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)放基金項(xiàng)目 (K2016-01)、廣東省教育部產(chǎn)學(xué)研結(jié)合項(xiàng)目(2012B091000156)和中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(201522083)


Analysis on Electric Field Strength Distribution in Spraying Region of Small-scale Electrospraying System
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    摘要:

    荷電噴霧燃燒技術(shù)對(duì)于促進(jìn)微小尺度條件下液體燃料穩(wěn)定與充分燃燒具有重要意義?;趪娮靸?nèi)徑為0.9mm的新型結(jié)構(gòu)小尺度荷電噴霧燃燒器,開(kāi)展了單電場(chǎng)及組合電場(chǎng)作用下乙醇燃料的荷電噴霧實(shí)驗(yàn),測(cè)量了穩(wěn)定“錐-射流”霧化模式下霧化區(qū)的霧化角。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)在相同乙醇流量下,采用組合電場(chǎng)燃燒器時(shí)的霧化角大于采用單電場(chǎng)時(shí)的霧化角,表明環(huán)形電極的引入可提高乙醇的霧化效果。荷電噴霧空間電場(chǎng)是由高壓組合電極和空間電荷共同作用產(chǎn)生的,電極參數(shù)和空間電荷對(duì)空間電場(chǎng)分布均有重要影響。根據(jù)均勻帶電細(xì)圓環(huán)電勢(shì)和場(chǎng)強(qiáng)公式,將有限長(zhǎng)薄圓柱面視為均勻帶電細(xì)圓環(huán)的集合,利用疊加定理和橢圓積分的方法,計(jì)算出組合電極誘導(dǎo)電場(chǎng)在霧化區(qū)的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)分布??臻g電荷作用產(chǎn)生的電場(chǎng)由噴嘴形成的霧錐區(qū)形狀和帶電量決定。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,環(huán)形電極在霧化區(qū)產(chǎn)生的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)是軸對(duì)稱的極不均勻的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)。當(dāng)噴嘴電壓處于一定值時(shí),增大極距和環(huán)形電極的電壓,組合電極的誘導(dǎo)電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度大小有明顯增強(qiáng)的作用,場(chǎng)強(qiáng)角度有明顯變化??臻g電荷產(chǎn)生的場(chǎng)強(qiáng)也是軸對(duì)稱的極不均勻的電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度,與電極誘導(dǎo)電場(chǎng)相比其作用不容忽視,尤其靠近金屬網(wǎng)附近,空間電荷產(chǎn)生的電場(chǎng)起主導(dǎo)作用。組合電極條件下的荷電噴霧空間電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度比噴嘴單電極作用下的荷電噴霧空間場(chǎng)強(qiáng)有明顯的增強(qiáng)。選擇1mm的極距和環(huán)形電極的電壓有利于荷電噴霧系統(tǒng)形成穩(wěn)定的“錐-射流”霧化模式。

    Abstract:

    Electro-spraying is an effective technique to enhance combustion of liquid fuel in micro/smallscale. A new combustor using a stainless steel capillary tube with inner diameter of 0.9mm was designed. Electrospraying experiments using ethanol as fuel were carried out under single electric field and combined electric field, and the spraying angels in the spraying region were measured under stable conejet mode. The experimental results found that the spraying angel under the combined electric field was bigger than that under single electric field at the same flow rate of 1.6mL/h. It can be inferred that the ring electrode can enhance the spraying process of ethanol. The space electric field during the electrospraying process was established by the combination of the combined electrodes and space charges. Both the electrode parameters and space charges play great roles in the electric field distribution. According to the uniformly charged ring electric potential and field strength formula, the limited long and thin cylinder was regarded as a set of uniformly charged ring. Based on superposition theorem, the distribution of electric field strength in the spraying region was calculated using ellipse integral method and the relationship between Cartesian coordinates and polar coordinates. The electric field established by the space charges depends on the form of spraying region and the quantity of electric charge. The results show that the electric field strength was an axial symmetry and extremely nonuniform when using the ring electrode only. When keeping the voltage of nozzle as a constant, the electric field strength in the spraying region varies greatly along with increasing the electrode spacing and voltage of ring electrode. The electric field strength from the space charges was also an axial symmetry and extremely nonuiform, which cannot be ignored. Especially near to the steel mesh, the space charge dominated the whole electric field. The electric field strength under combined electrodes was enhanced greatly when comparing with that under single electrode. The selection of suitable electrode spacing and voltage is very important for the form of stable conejet mode. The present study can supply some guidelines for the design and operation of smallscale combustor.

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史艷玲,羅智斌,甘云華,李華,楊澤亮.小尺度荷電噴霧系統(tǒng)霧化區(qū)場(chǎng)強(qiáng)分布特性分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(5):343-351. Shi Yanling, Luo Zhibin, Gan Yunhua, Li Hua, Yang Zeliang. Analysis on Electric Field Strength Distribution in Spraying Region of Small-scale Electrospraying System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(5):343-351.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-05-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-05-10