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低碳環(huán)保型滴灌技術(shù)體系構(gòu)建與研究現(xiàn)狀分析
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水利部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201401078)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51321001、51339007、51179190)和水利部“948”計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201433)


Developing Situation and System Construction of Low-carbon Environment Friendly Drip Irrigation Technology
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    摘要:

    大力發(fā)展滴灌技術(shù)已成為緩解我國(guó)水資源短缺問(wèn)題的重要途徑之一,但是其迅猛發(fā)展的背后帶來(lái)的一系列問(wèn)題值得反思。在詳細(xì)闡述我國(guó)滴灌技術(shù)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀與國(guó)家對(duì)發(fā)展滴灌技術(shù)提供的政策支持的基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)反思了新疆滴灌技術(shù)應(yīng)用獲得巨大成功背后所帶來(lái)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。由此,提出應(yīng)構(gòu)建低碳環(huán)保型滴灌技術(shù)體系,其基本內(nèi)涵為構(gòu)建以低能耗、低污染、低排放、高效能、高效益為目標(biāo)的“三低、兩高”低碳環(huán)保型滴灌技術(shù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上詳細(xì)闡述了實(shí)現(xiàn)“降耗”、“減污”、“減排”、“提效”、“增益”的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。最后,提出了低碳環(huán)保型滴灌技術(shù)未來(lái)研究重點(diǎn)及急需解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。

    Abstract:

    It is one of the important ways of solving water shortage to develop the drip irrigation technology. However, a series of problems brought by the rapid development need rethink profoundly. Based on the description of the drip irrigation technology application status and policy support to develop the drip irrigation, the environmental problems brought by the great success of drip irrigation technology used in Xinjiang Province were described in detail. A low-carbon environment friendly drip irrigation technology system is necessary, whose basic connotation is to realize the goal of “three lows and two highs”, including “l(fā)ow-energy”, “l(fā)ow-pollution”, “l(fā)ow-emission”, “high-effect” and “high-benefit”. At the same time, the key technologies were stated in detail. The technology of “consumption reduction” contains self-pressure drip irrigation technology and construction technology for low-pressure or micro-pressure drip irrigation system. The technology of “pollution abatement” contains security drip irrigation with poor quality water and drip irrigation with biodegradable mask or under mulch. The technology of “emission reduction” contains emission reduction of farmland greenhouse gas in drip irrigation and drip irrigation with clean energy to get water. The technology of “effect-raising” contains treatment technology of water quality, sedimentation and filtration technology, and product development of long-lasting anti-clogging drip irrigation emitters. The technology of “high-gain” contains irrigation with integration of water and fertilizer and so on. Eventually, the future research priorities and the key issues need to be resolved about low-carbon environment friendly drip irrigation technology were proposed.

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李云開(kāi),馮吉,宋鵬,周博,王天志,薛松.低碳環(huán)保型滴灌技術(shù)體系構(gòu)建與研究現(xiàn)狀分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(6):83-92. Li Yunkai, Feng Ji, Song Peng, Zhou Bo, Wang Tianzhi, Xue Song. Developing Situation and System Construction of Low-carbon Environment Friendly Drip Irrigation Technology[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(6):83-92.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-12-15
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-06-10