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3QXZ-6型制種玉米去雄機設(shè)計與試驗
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國家國際科技合作專項(2013DFA31560)和科研院所技術(shù)開發(fā)研究專項(2013EG119159)


Design and Experiment of 3QXZ-6 Seed Corn Detasseling Machine
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    摘要:

    為了提高制種玉米生產(chǎn)管理的機械化水平,設(shè)計了3QXZ-6型制種玉米去雄機,主要由仿形機構(gòu)、液壓傳動系統(tǒng)和仿形控制系統(tǒng)等組成。仿形機構(gòu)采用平行四連桿結(jié)構(gòu);抽雄滾輪旋轉(zhuǎn)運動由負載敏感液壓系統(tǒng)傳動實現(xiàn);仿形機構(gòu)高度調(diào)節(jié)由比例控制液壓系統(tǒng)驅(qū)動升降油缸實現(xiàn);以一定距離內(nèi)下光電信號連續(xù)無表示玉米植株低,一定距離內(nèi)上光電信號連續(xù)有表示玉米植株高為控制依據(jù),實現(xiàn)玉米植株高度仿形模糊控制。對抽雄滾輪轉(zhuǎn)速同步性能及控制系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)時間、升降油缸運動速度進行了測試試驗,結(jié)果表明:發(fā)動機轉(zhuǎn)速在2300r/min附近時,滾輪轉(zhuǎn)速最大偏差率極值為4.4%,同步誤差率小于3%;響應(yīng)時間為0.04s;油缸上升速度為0.21m/s,下降速度為0.27m/s,最后確定了控制信號t與抽雄部件垂直位移量間的函數(shù)關(guān)系。田間試驗表明,設(shè)計的3QXZ-6型制種玉米去雄機工作穩(wěn)定,作業(yè)效率高,去雄率均值為87.7%,能夠滿足機械化去雄作業(yè)的要求。

    Abstract:

    The 3QXZ-6 seed corn detasseling machine was designed to improve the mechanical level during corn cultivation. The machine was consisted of profiling mechanism, hydraulic driving system and plantprofiling controlled system. The profiling mechanism was structured as a parallelogram. Roller was motivated by the loadsensing hydraulic system, and height adjustment was manipulated by cylinder, which was driven through proportional control hydraulic system. In a set distance, if the lower photoelectric signal is continuously lost, it indicates the plant is short, and if the upper photoelectric signal is continuously received, it indicates the plant is relatively tall. This is how the plant height profiling is fuzzily controlled. The test on synchronization performance of roller rotation speed, response time of controlling system, and hydraulic cylinder speed shows that when the engine rotation speed is around 2300r/min, the maximum deviation ratio of roller rotation speed is 4.4%, synchronization tolerance rate is less than 3%, responding time is 0.04s, cylinder liftingup speed is 0.21m/s, and droppingdown speed is 0.27m/s. Based on the data collected from experiment, a function was built by using control signal t as variable and vertical movement of tassel removal component. Field experiment proves that the 3QXZ-6 seed corn detasseling machine is reliable and highly efficient. It sufficiently meets the agronomy detassling requirement with a detasseling ratio 87.7% averagely.

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王錦江,陳 志,楊學(xué)軍,王 俊,吳儉敏,郝朝會.3QXZ-6型制種玉米去雄機設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2016,47(7):112-118. Wang Jinjiang, Chen Zhi, Yang Xuejun, Wang Jun, Wu Jianmin, Hao Zhaohui. Design and Experiment of 3QXZ-6 Seed Corn Detasseling Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(7):112-118.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-12-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-07-10