0.96);9010、9030型號噴嘴在小水滴粒徑0.125~0.250mm范圍內(nèi)占有10%~20%的比例,易霧化飄移,不適合奶牛蒸發(fā)降溫;不同工作壓力下單個水滴動能隨水滴粒徑的增大而增大,呈冪函數(shù)關(guān)系(R2>0.96);噴嘴的平均噴淋強度和水滴平均粒徑呈指數(shù)關(guān)系(R2>0.96),平均噴淋強度均大于72mm/h。試驗得出水滴平均粒徑0.801mm(9060)、0.914mm(9080)、1047.mm(90100)、1.210mm(90120)將仿真奶牛從39.3℃降溫至37℃所用時間平均值為85、75、48、30s。"/>

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緩解奶牛熱應激的噴淋水滴特性試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(31402115)、國家奶牛產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系項目(CARS-37)、中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務費專項(92015SYL001)和國家級大學生創(chuàng)新計劃項目(2014610019072)


Experiment on Droplet Characteristics of Spray Cooling to Relieve Cows Heat-stress
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    夏季高溫造成奶牛熱應激,物理降溫以蒸發(fā)散熱緩解奶牛高溫,其中噴淋降溫系統(tǒng)是我國常用的降溫方法。利用激光雨滴譜儀(LPM)對6種不同標準扇形噴嘴(9010、9030、9060、9080、90100、90120)在0.15、0.20、0.25MPa工作壓力下進行了測試,計算分析了6種噴嘴在不同工作壓力下水滴粒徑的分布,研究了水滴粒徑與噴淋流量、單個水滴動能、噴淋強度的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明:〖JP2〗水滴粒徑分布呈正態(tài)分布模型,不同工作壓力(0.15、0.20、0.25MPa),〖JP〗所測6種不同型號的噴嘴水滴平均粒徑為0.475~1.210mm;水滴粒徑與噴淋流量呈線性關(guān)系(R2>0.96);9010、9030型號噴嘴在小水滴粒徑0.125~0.250mm范圍內(nèi)占有10%~20%的比例,易霧化飄移,不適合奶牛蒸發(fā)降溫;不同工作壓力下單個水滴動能隨水滴粒徑的增大而增大,呈冪函數(shù)關(guān)系(R2>0.96);噴嘴的平均噴淋強度和水滴平均粒徑呈指數(shù)關(guān)系(R2>0.96),平均噴淋強度均大于72mm/h。試驗得出水滴平均粒徑0.801mm(9060)、0.914mm(9080)、1047.mm(90100)、1.210mm(90120)將仿真奶牛從39.3℃降溫至37℃所用時間平均值為85、75、48、30s。

    Abstract:

    The high temperature in summer causes heat stress in dairy cows, spray cooling system is one of the most effective physical cooling technologies that is widely used in practice. The laser precipitation monitor (LPM ) was used to measure droplet size ,droplet velocity and intensity. Six kinds of standard fanshaped nozzles (9010, 9030, 9060, 9080, 90100, 90120) were measured with LPM under 0.15MPa, 0.20MPa, 0.25MPa pressures, the droplet distribution, the relationship of droplet diameter and spray flow, single droplet kinetic energy, spray intensity was analyzed. The results show that: the droplet distribution normally distributed model and average droplet diameter are ranged from 0.475mm to 1.210mm under 0.15MPa, 0.20MPa, 0.25MPa pressures of six different nozzles. Droplet diameter has a linear relation with spray flow (R2>0.96). 15%~20% of droplet diameters within 0.125~0.250mm were sprayed by nozzles of 9010 and 9030 type, which make it easy to drift but not suitable for cows evaporative cooling. The single droplet kinetic energy along with the water droplets was increased with the increase of droplet diameter under three different working pressures, showing a power relationship (R2>096). The mean nozzle spray intensity and mean droplet diameter show an exponential relationship (R2>096). The average intensities of spray were all greater than 72mm/h, which satisfied the purpose of cows spray cooling system. The experiment concluded that the average drop particle diameter are 0.801mm (9060), 0.914mm (9080), 1.047mm (90100) and 1.210mm (90120), which could cool cow from 39.3℃to 37℃, using 85s, 75s, 48s and 30s, respectively.

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丁 濤,宏 帥,施正香,方露夢,孫寶璽,張弛也.緩解奶牛熱應激的噴淋水滴特性試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(7):323-331. Ding Tao, Hong Shuai, Shi Zhengxiang, Fang Lumeng, Sun Baoxi, Zhang Chiye. Experiment on Droplet Characteristics of Spray Cooling to Relieve Cows Heat-stress[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(7):323-331.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-03-07
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-07-10