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柔性帶差速擠壓核桃脫殼性能試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(50775151、51075284)


Performance Test of Walnut Shelling Using Flexible-belt and Differential Velocity Extrusion
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    摘要:

    設(shè)計(jì)了核桃破殼取仁分離裝置,但存在破殼不完全、碎殼未脫落的現(xiàn)象。為此利用裝置中的柔性帶差速擠壓脫殼系統(tǒng)對核桃進(jìn)一步脫殼取仁并對其效果進(jìn)行分析。采用單因素試驗(yàn)方法分別探究上下帶間距A、上下帶速度差B及上工作帶張緊力C對核桃脫殼效果的影響,進(jìn)而設(shè)計(jì)正交試驗(yàn),分析試驗(yàn)因素對脫殼取仁效果的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:對于一露仁率和二露仁率,影響順序?yàn)楠獵、A、B;對于碎仁率和未露仁率,影響順序?yàn)楠獳、C、B。在上下帶間距為14mm、上下帶速度差為0.19m/s、上工作帶張緊力為231N的參數(shù)下脫殼效果最為理想,一露仁率、二露仁率、碎仁率、未露仁率分別為77%、16.7%、4.3%、2%,即脫殼率為98%,整仁率為93.7%。

    Abstract:

    A walnut shelling machine with functions of shell crushing, kernel taking and shellkernel separating was designed, which could increase the shellbroken rate and kernelunbroken rate. However, the problems of incomplete brokenshell and unhulling crushedshell were also remained. Thus, the flexiblebelt and differential velocity extrusion system was used to make the walnut kernel out and the effect of that operation was analyzed. The results showed that when the mean crack length was 20mm and the critical external force for crack extension was 191N, the cracks could be further extended. Onefactor test was carried out to explore the influences of the top and low section belt spacing (A), top and low section speed difference (B) and upper belt tension (C) on hulling, and the orthogonal experiment was carried out to analyze the influence of the above three factors. According to the experimental results, the influences on the first grade kernel rate and the second grade kernel rate were C>A>B, and for kernelbreaking rate and kernelunseen rate, A>C>B. When the top and low section belt spacing was 14mm, top and low section speed difference was 0.19m/s and upper belt tension was 231N, the hulling effect was optimal(hulling rate was 98% and kernelunbroken rate was 93.7%).

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劉明政,李長河,張彥彬,楊敏,侯亞麗,高連興.柔性帶差速擠壓核桃脫殼性能試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2016,47(9):99-107. Liu Mingzheng, Li Changhe, Zhang Yanbin, Yang Min, Hou Yali, Gao Lianxing. Performance Test of Walnut Shelling Using Flexible-belt and Differential Velocity Extrusion[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(9):99-107.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-09-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-09-10