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數(shù)控機床幾何誤差相關(guān)性分析方法研究
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國家科技重大專項(2014ZX04001051)


Correlation Analysis of Geometric Error for CNC Machine Tool
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    摘要:

    為提高數(shù)控機床的精度, 降低裝配、制造過程產(chǎn)生的幾何誤差的影響,基于多體系統(tǒng)理論建立幾何誤差模型,在誤差相關(guān)性分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種辨識關(guān)鍵性幾何誤差元素的方法。首先,基于多體系統(tǒng)理論及齊次坐標(biāo)變換方法建立了三軸數(shù)控機床幾何誤差模型,構(gòu)建了幾何誤差元素相關(guān)性分析模型。其次,采用拉丁超立方抽樣方法在整個參數(shù)空間內(nèi)抽樣,有效避免了單因素分析的缺陷。最后,通過計算拉丁立方抽樣確定的誤差元素引起的空間幾何誤差,進行相關(guān)性分析并辨識影響機床精度的關(guān)鍵幾何誤差元素。誤差補償后的圓測試對比結(jié)果表明,該方法可判別影響數(shù)控機床空間精度的重要誤差元素,并能夠定量辨識誤差元素對幾何誤差向量的作用效果,可為機床誤差補償及精度分配提供重要的理論參考。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the accuracy of NC machine tool and reduce the influence of geometric errors caused by assembly and manufacturing process, the geometric error model was established based on multi-body system theory, and a new method of identifying key elements of the geometric errors was proposed on the basis of geometric errors correlation analysis. Firstly, geometric errors model of three-axis vertical CNC machine tools was derivated by using multibody system theory and homogeneous coordinate transformation method, and correlation analysis model of the geometric error elements was established, which contained 21 geometric errors of three-axis NC machine tools. Secondly, to avoid the defects of single factor analysis, and considering the coupling effects of geometric error elements, Latin hypercube sampling method was used in the whole parameter space sampling. Finally, based on the geometric error model and correlation analysis model, spatial error was calculated by using geometric errors element which was determined by Latin cube sample. And the key geometric error elements that affected the accuracy of machine tool were analyzed. Before error compensation, the twelve-line method was applied to identify the geometric error elements for each axis based on Renishaw XL—80 laser interferometer measuring system. The comparison result of circular tests after error compensation showed that the method can effectively and quantificationally identify the key factors that affecting the precision of machine tool space and the effects of error elements of total space error, thus important theoretical foundation was provided for accuracy allocation and error compensation of machine tool reasonably.

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郭世杰,梅雪松,姜歌東,張東升,惠陽.數(shù)控機床幾何誤差相關(guān)性分析方法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2016,47(10):383-389. Guo Shijie, Mei Xuesong, Jiang Gedong, Zhang Dongsheng, Hui Yang. Correlation Analysis of Geometric Error for CNC Machine Tool[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(10):383-389.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-03-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-10-10
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