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五連桿足式機器人腿部機構(gòu)多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化算法
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51405239)、江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金青年基金項目(BK20130696)、南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)青年科技創(chuàng)新基金項目(KJ2013042)和南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)人才啟動基金項目(Rcqd13—08)


Multi-objective Optimization Algorithm of Robot Leg Based on Planar Five-bar Mechanism
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    摘要:

    為了減小腿部轉(zhuǎn)動慣量,提高承載能力,提出了一種電驅(qū)式2自由度平面五桿機構(gòu)的腿部結(jié)構(gòu)。然而桿件尺寸會對機器人性能產(chǎn)生影響,為了得到最優(yōu)五桿尺寸參數(shù),對腿部運動學(xué)和動力學(xué)進行分析,建立關(guān)節(jié)電機峰值力矩、峰值角速度、單個步態(tài)周期內(nèi)總能耗與五桿尺寸參數(shù)間的函數(shù)關(guān)系,構(gòu)建面向機器人五桿尺寸參數(shù)設(shè)計的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型,采用層次分析法確定各目標(biāo)決策屬性權(quán)重,將多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問題轉(zhuǎn)換為單目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問題,利用遺傳算法得到機器人總體性能最優(yōu)解。在ADAMS中建立優(yōu)化前后的機器人腿部模型,進行行走仿真試驗,并與理論計算結(jié)果進行對比,再根據(jù)優(yōu)化結(jié)果進行電機選型,使機器人自重減少7.8%,有利于負(fù)載能力和續(xù)航能力的提高,從而驗證了本文所提算法的正確性和有效性。

    Abstract:

    In view of the shortcomings of cable-driven and chain transmission mechanism with motor rotation direction changing frequently and large load, a novel electric-drive robot leg based on planar five-bar mechanism with dual freedoms was proposed to reduce the inertia of robot leg and enhance load capacity. Considering the close relationship between the dynamic performance of robot and the dimension parameters of planar fivebar mechanism, the kinematic and dynamic analyses of this mechanism was made, and the functional relationship between peak torque, peak angular velocity of joint motors, energy consumption in a gait period and dimension parameters were setup to get the optimal dimension parameters. In this way, a multiobjective optimization model of the dimension parameters was got. By determining the weight of the objectives based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, the multi-objective optimization problem was transformed into single objective optimization problem. Then the genetic algorithm was applied to obtain the optimal solution. Finally, the virtual prototypes of robot leg before and after optimization were built via ADAMS to conduct the walking simulation test, and the comparison between simulation results and computation results was made. The motors were selected subsequently according to the optimization results, which made the robot weight decreased by 7.8%, which was beneficial to the improvement of load capacity and battery life. These results verified the correctness and validity of the proposed algorithm which can also be applicable to the selection of brushless DC motor.

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章永年,王美思,吳陽,盧偉,康敏,汪小旵.五連桿足式機器人腿部機構(gòu)多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化算法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2016,47(10):398-404. Zhang Yongnian, Wang Meisi, Wu Yang, Lu Wei, Kang Min, Wang Xiaochan. Multi-objective Optimization Algorithm of Robot Leg Based on Planar Five-bar Mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(10):398-404.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-03-23
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-10-10
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