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水面矢量推進器仿生設(shè)計與試驗
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國家部委項目(NHA15063)


Bionic Design and Experiment of Water-surface Vector Propeller
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    摘要:

    以蛇怪蜥蜴為仿生對象,基于蛇怪蜥蜴股骨旋轉(zhuǎn)帶動兩腳踏水的高速運動行為,設(shè)計了水面仿生矢量推進器,增加了驅(qū)動力輸出維數(shù),實現(xiàn)了可控的托舉力、推進力和轉(zhuǎn)矩輸出。結(jié)合RNG k—ε湍流方程和PISO算法,構(gòu)建推進器的流體動力學模型,獲得了葉片徑向和軸向的最優(yōu)設(shè)計形狀,推導(dǎo)了驅(qū)動力與葉片長度和寬度的數(shù)學函數(shù)。最后,搭建矢量推進器試驗系統(tǒng),驗證了數(shù)值計算模型的正確性;進行兩棲車輛樣機試驗,矢量推進器驅(qū)動車體實現(xiàn)了10.6°仰角狀態(tài)的滑水航行,為水面裝置減阻提速提供了一種新思路。

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    To evade predators, basilisk lizards can run across water surface with rolling pelvic to drive foot movement. Based on the mechanism of high-speed air-water interface movement, bionic water-surface vector propeller was designed according to bionic object basilisk lizards. With providing lift, thrust and moment, dimension of driving force was increased. For controlling the output of driving force, the influence of structure parameters on mechanical property was analyzed. Combined with standard k—ε turbulence function and PISO algorithm, fluid dynamics model of bionic propeller was established to calculate the mechanical properties of vector propeller with different parameters. By analyzing the changes of mechanical characteristic curve with time, it was found that threedimensional driving forces presented periodical variation. And the frequencies of driving forces were four times as much as those of rotation velocity. From comparison of the threedimensional mechanical properties, the optimal axisshape and diametershape of blade were obtained. Meanwhile, the functions between driving force and length and width of blade were derived with data fitting. By analyzing the distribution of impeller pressure and water volume, solid—liquid mutual action of impeller rotating at watersurface was presented. Finally, the experiment system of vector propeller was set up and the computed force was consistent with experiment result in general, therefore it was validated that the numerical calculation model was correct. In hydroplaning state on the surface of water, the resistance of high speed boat can be reduced and the top speed can reach 80km/h. For transforming navigation state, a new amphibious vehicle with a pair of vector propellers mounted in the rear part was presented. Hydroplaning state of amphibious vehicle with pitch angle of 10.6° was realized, and the design provided a new thought for reducing resistance and improving velocity for water-surface device.

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張仲志,呂建剛,宋彬,高飛.水面矢量推進器仿生設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(10):405-412. Zhang Zhongzhi, Lü Jian’gang, Song Bin, Gao Fei. Bionic Design and Experiment of Water-surface Vector Propeller[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(10):405-412.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-02-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-10-10
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