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多末端蘋(píng)果采摘機(jī)器人機(jī)械手運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2006AA10Z259)、江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(BK20140720)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(KYZ201325)


Kinematics Analysis and Experiment of Apple Harvesting Robot Manipulator with Multiple End-effectors
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    摘要:

    提出了一種多末端采摘機(jī)器人機(jī)械手結(jié)構(gòu)方案,設(shè)計(jì)了機(jī)械臂、末端執(zhí)行器及其控制系統(tǒng)。機(jī)器人機(jī)械臂采用主從兩級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),從臂前端可掛接多個(gè)末端執(zhí)行器。末端執(zhí)行器能進(jìn)行果實(shí)連續(xù)采摘,其結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、驅(qū)動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)單、通用性好,可適用于蘋(píng)果、柑橘、梨等球形水果的自動(dòng)化收獲。針對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)的采摘機(jī)械手具有多末端的特點(diǎn),提出了果樹(shù)分區(qū)采摘作業(yè)策略,一個(gè)采摘區(qū)內(nèi)各個(gè)末端執(zhí)行器同時(shí)連續(xù)采摘、果實(shí)集中回收。在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了機(jī)器人機(jī)械手運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型,采用D—H法推導(dǎo)了運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)方程,運(yùn)用Matlab Robotics Toolbox進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)仿真驗(yàn)證。制作了機(jī)械手物理樣機(jī)并在實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境下進(jìn)行了機(jī)械手運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)及采摘試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,機(jī)械手各從臂末端位置誤差小于9mm,采摘成功率為82.14%。

    Abstract:

    In order to solve the problem of low picking efficiency of single end-effector apple harvesting robot, a structure scheme of multiple end-effectors manipulator was proposed. The mechanical arm, end-effector and manipulator control system were designed. Master-slave two-grade structure was used in the mechanical arm, the multiple end-effectors were linked to forepart of the robot slave mechanical arm, and could operate continuously and simultaneously. The end-effector of the robot had advantages of compact structure and simple drive, which could absorb position error of mechanical arm, and it was universal and suitable for apple, citrus, pears and other spherical fruits picking. According to the characteristics of manipulator with multiple end-effectors, a partitioned fruit tree picking operation strategy was formulated, all the end-effectors picked the target fruits of a picking partition continuously and simultaneously, and the fruits were centrally collected. On this basis, the kinematics mode for robot manipulator was established, the kinematics equations were derived based on the D—H method. The kinematics simulation of the manipulator was conducted using Matlab Robotics Toolbox, the simulation results showed that the kinematics analysis was entirely correct. Based on these, the manipulator physical prototype was manufactured, and the manipulator kinematics and end-effectors picking experiments were carried out under laboratory environment. The results showed that the picking operation strategy was reasonable and feasible, the position error of manipulator end was less than 9mm, and the picking success rate could reach 82.14%.

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李國(guó)利,姬長(zhǎng)英,顧寶興,徐偉悅,董芒.多末端蘋(píng)果采摘機(jī)器人機(jī)械手運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(12):14-21,29. Li Guoli, Ji Changying, Gu Baoxing, Xu Weiyue, Dong Mang. Kinematics Analysis and Experiment of Apple Harvesting Robot Manipulator with Multiple End-effectors[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(12):14-21,29.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-04-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-12-10
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