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微咸水微潤(rùn)灌溉下土壤水鹽運(yùn)移特性研究
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2015BAC01B03)和陜北水蝕區(qū)植被功能調(diào)控技術(shù)與示范項(xiàng)目(2015BAC01B03)


Characteristics of Water and Salt Movement in Soil under Moistube-irrigation with Brackish Water
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    摘要:

    為探明土壤水分和鹽分在利用微咸水進(jìn)行微潤(rùn)灌溉條件下的運(yùn)移情況,采用室內(nèi)土箱模擬試驗(yàn)方式,設(shè)置2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5、5.0g/L 5種不同礦化度處理,以蒸餾水處理作對(duì)照,共入滲72h。結(jié)果表明:入滲結(jié)束時(shí)在不同方向上的最大運(yùn)移距離隨礦化度增大呈先增大后減小趨勢(shì),在3.0g/L處理下達(dá)到最大值,且微咸水處理的濕潤(rùn)鋒運(yùn)移距離均大于蒸餾水處理;將累積入滲量代入Kostiakov入滲公式,入滲系數(shù)隨礦化度的增大呈先增大后減小趨勢(shì),入滲指數(shù)不斷減??;土壤電導(dǎo)率以微潤(rùn)帶為軸心向四周不斷增大,在濕潤(rùn)鋒處達(dá)到最大值,脫鹽區(qū)與濕潤(rùn)體形狀相關(guān),呈圓環(huán)狀分布;入滲結(jié)束后土壤剖面平均含鹽量與蒸餾水處理之間無(wú)顯著性差異,脫鹽半徑隨礦化度的增大呈線性遞減趨勢(shì);利用微潤(rùn)灌進(jìn)行灌溉,土壤鹽分存在表聚和底聚現(xiàn)象,且表層積鹽更為嚴(yán)重。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the movement characteristics of water and salt in soil under moistube-irrgation with brackish water, an indoor soil box simulation experiment was conducted under five different mineralization degree treatments with distilled water as control in 72h. The results showed that with the rise of mineralization degree, the maximum migration distance presented a trend of first increase and then decrease in different directions and reached the highest when the degree of mineralization was 3.0g/L. And the distances of wetted front under treatments of brackish water were all greater than that of distilled water. Then the cumulative infiltration was substituted into the Kostiakov infiltration equation and the infiltration coefficient showed a trend of rise first and then fall with the increase of mineralization degree, while infiltration index continued to decline. The soil conductivity was increased constantly to all around with the moistube-irrgation zone as axis and reached the peak at the wet front. The desalting area was related to the shape of the wetted body and distributed in circular shape. There was no significant difference in the average salt content of soil profile between brackish and distilled water after infiltration. The desalination radius was decreased linearly with the increase of mineralization degree. Both surface and bottom convergence phenomenon existed and the salification in soil surface was more serious under moistube-irrgation.

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張珂萌,牛文全,汪有科,薛萬(wàn)來(lái),張子卓.微咸水微潤(rùn)灌溉下土壤水鹽運(yùn)移特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(1):175-182. ZHANG Kemeng, NIU Wenquan, WANG Youke, XUE Wanlai, ZHANG Zizhuo. Characteristics of Water and Salt Movement in Soil under Moistube-irrigation with Brackish Water[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(1):175-182.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-07-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-01-10
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