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不同水頭和土壤容重下微潤(rùn)灌濕潤(rùn)體內(nèi)水鹽分布特性
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51469010、51109102)、云南省應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究項(xiàng)目(2014FB130)、云南省教育廳重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(2011Z035)和大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201610674068)


Water-Salinity Distribution Characteristics in Wetted Soil of Moistube Irrigation under Different Pressure Heads and Soil Bulk Densities
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    摘要:

    為探明微潤(rùn)灌溉施肥的濕潤(rùn)體內(nèi)水鹽分布規(guī)律,開(kāi)展不同壓力水頭和土壤容重下室內(nèi)微潤(rùn)灌溉入滲試驗(yàn)。設(shè)置3個(gè)水頭(H1.0:1.0m、H1.5:1.5m和H2.0:2.0m)和3個(gè)土壤容重(D1.00:1.00g/cm3、D1.15:1.15g/cm3和D1.30:1.30g/cm3),以質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)0.3%的硝酸鉀溶液為入滲溶液,研究微潤(rùn)灌濕潤(rùn)體內(nèi)水鹽空間分布規(guī)律和變異特征。結(jié)果表明:微潤(rùn)管入口水頭和土壤容重對(duì)濕潤(rùn)體內(nèi)含水率、NO-3N與K+含量均值影響顯著。同一土壤容重下,H1.5和H2.0與H1.0相比,濕潤(rùn)體剖面面積增大13.50%~21.61%,濕潤(rùn)體內(nèi)含水率、NO-3N與K+含量均值分別增大3.69%~10.71%、7.80%~10.95%和7.29%~17.49%,均勻系數(shù)分別增大7.65%~18.63%、5.22%~13.63%和9.34%~21.89%;同一水頭下,D1.15和D1.30與D1.00相比,濕潤(rùn)體剖面面積減小5.76%~9.21%,含水率、NO-3含量均值分別減小15.73%~21.54%、8.08%~10.97%,而K+含量均值增大34.89%~64.79%,三者均勻系數(shù)分別減小9.02%~11.45%、4.04%~7.25%和7.09%~11.54%。K+在微潤(rùn)管周圍分布較集中,K+聚集分布面積約占濕潤(rùn)體剖面面積的40.80%~61.41%。微潤(rùn)灌濕潤(rùn)體內(nèi)含水率、NO-3N和K+含量均值與至微潤(rùn)管的水平距離符合四參數(shù)Log-logistic模型。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate water-salinity distribution characteristics in wetted soil of moistube fertigation, the infiltration experiment of moistube irrigation was carried out under different pressure heads and soil bulk densities, the 0.3% potassium nitrate solution was used in infiltration experiment, and three pressure heads (H1.0:1.0m, H1.5:1.5m and H2.0:2.0m) and three soil bulk densities (D1.00:1.00g/cm3, D1.15:1.15g/cm3 and D1.30:1.30g/cm3) were designed to study the water-salinity distribution and spatial variation traits in wetted soil of moistube irrigation. The results showed that pressure heads and soil bulk densities had significant effect on average contents of moisture, NO-3N and K+ in wetted soil. Under the same soil bulk density, compared with H1.0, the sectional area of wetted soil of H1.5 and H2.0 was increased by 13.50%~21.61%, average contents of moisture, NO-3N and K+ were increased by 3.69%~10.71%, 7.80%~10.95% and 7.29%~17.49%, respectively, and uniformity coefficients were increased by 7.65%~18.63%, 5.22%~13.63% and 9.34%~21.89%, respectively. Under the same pressure head, compared with D1.00, the sectional area of wetted soil of D1.15 and D1.30 was decreased by 5.76%~9.21%, average contents of moisture and NO-3N were decreased by 15.73%~21.54% and 8.08%~10.97%, but average content of K+ was increased by 34.89%~64.79%, and uniformity coefficients of moisture, NO-3N and K+ contents in wetted soil were decreased by 9.02%~11.45%, 4.04%~7.25% and 7.09%~11.54%, respectively. K+ distributed intensively around moistube and accounted for 40.80%~61.41% of distribution area of wetted soil. Average contents of the moisture, NO-3N and K+ in wetted soil of moistube irrigation and the horizontal distance from moistube conformed to the four-parameter Log-logistic model. The research results can provide theoretical basis and practical reference for moistube fertigation.

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劉小剛,朱益飛,余小弟,李義林,唐建楷,喻黎明.不同水頭和土壤容重下微潤(rùn)灌濕潤(rùn)體內(nèi)水鹽分布特性[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(7):189-197. LIU Xiaogang, ZHU Yifei, YU Xiaodi, LI Yilin, TANG Jiankai, YU Liming. Water-Salinity Distribution Characteristics in Wetted Soil of Moistube Irrigation under Different Pressure Heads and Soil Bulk Densities[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(7):189-197.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-11-01
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-07-10
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