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玉米籽粒考種信息獲取裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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北京市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(D151100004215002)和國家博士后基金項(xiàng)目(2015M581019)


Design and Experiment of Maize Kernel Traits Acquisition Device
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    摘要:

    考種是制約育種效率的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。玉米高通量考種過程,存在籽粒堆積和粘連現(xiàn)象,影響籽粒考種參數(shù)的提取。本文結(jié)合玉米高通量自動(dòng)考種需求,設(shè)計(jì)了籽??挤N信息獲取裝置。通過分析堆積籽?;匦\(yùn)動(dòng)過程的受力情況并根據(jù)試驗(yàn)情況確定振動(dòng)平臺(tái)回旋速度,實(shí)現(xiàn)籽粒的平鋪攤種。在此基礎(chǔ)上,針對粘連籽粒圖像提出了一種先分割后融合的改進(jìn)分水嶺算法,該方法通過比較相鄰分割區(qū)域極小值與最小分水嶺的差值與設(shè)定的閾值T,進(jìn)行鄰域融合,對過分割區(qū)域進(jìn)行合并,實(shí)現(xiàn)粘連籽粒的準(zhǔn)確分割,分割完成后,統(tǒng)計(jì)籽粒個(gè)數(shù),并基于Graham掃描法建立單個(gè)籽粒的最小外接矩形,獲取籽粒長寬參數(shù)。在構(gòu)建的玉米籽粒自動(dòng)考種裝置上進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,本文所提出的方法可實(shí)現(xiàn)玉米粘連籽粒的準(zhǔn)確分割,單穗玉米籽粒計(jì)數(shù)正確率不低于98.05%,籽粒平均長寬與人工測量結(jié)果的決定系數(shù)R2在0.97以上,滿足自動(dòng)考種在線檢測的需求。

    Abstract:

    In the process of automatic maize kernel trait extraction, the parameters of maize kernel can be obtained by machine vision. In the process of machine vision analysis, the accumulation of maize grain affects the extraction of kernel parameters. A method of obtaining information of corn kernel and cyclotron vibration platform was designed. Through the analysis of the stress distribution of accumulation seed cyclotron motion process, the vibration platform swing speed was determined, and the grain accumulation was reduced. Through the vibration kernel accumulation was reduced first, and then maize kernel image was obtained. In the image processing and analysis stage, image of maize kernels was segmented. To solve the segmentation problem of maize kernels, an improved watershed algorithm was proposed. After watershed segmentation, the D-value between the minimum watershed value and the minimum value of the pixel points between adjacent segmentation region were calculated, and then the D-value was compared with T. If the D-value was less than T, the adjacent segmentation region was merged. Segmentation made each maize kernel be a region. The number of maize grains corresponded to the number of regions. After the segmentation was completed, minimum external rectangle of single seed was established by improved Graham scanning method. The length and width of the minimum external rectangle corresponded to the length and width of the kernel. Verification experiments were carried out on the corn seed metering device. The final test results showed that the correct rate of segmentation method proposed on maize grain reached above 98.05% and the determination correlation coefficient between algorithm and manual measured values was above 0.97. The system can realize rapid acquisition of relevant information of maize kernel, and achieve the expected performance index as well as meet practical demands.

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宋鵬,張晗,王成,羅斌,趙勇,潘大宇.玉米籽??挤N信息獲取裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(12):19-25. SONG Peng, ZHANG Han, WANG Cheng, LUO Bin, ZHAO Yong, PAN Dayu. Design and Experiment of Maize Kernel Traits Acquisition Device[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(12):19-25.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-03-17
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-12-10
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