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不同風(fēng)況和開窗配置對夏季單棟塑料溫室微氣候的影響
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國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目(2012AA10A505)和上海市科技興農(nóng)重點(diǎn)攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目(滬農(nóng)科攻字(2009)第8-1號)


Effects of Wind Regime and Vent Configuration on Microclimate in Tunnel Greenhouses in Summer
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    摘要:

    以華東地區(qū)種植著空心菜的單棟塑料溫室為研究對象構(gòu)建其全尺度計(jì)算流體力學(xué)模型(CFD模型)。該模型經(jīng)現(xiàn)場實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,其計(jì)算值與各測點(diǎn)溫度實(shí)驗(yàn)值變化趨勢吻合且差異在1.1℃以內(nèi)。隨后,通過該模型研究不同開窗配置下溫室內(nèi)氣流和溫度場特征,評估開窗配置對通風(fēng)率、室內(nèi)外溫差和室內(nèi)氣候均勻性的影響,揭示不同風(fēng)況下溫室微氣候形成機(jī)理。仿真結(jié)果表明,不同開窗配置會產(chǎn)生截然不同的溫室微氣候場。頂側(cè)窗配置下溫室通風(fēng)率最高,室內(nèi)外溫差最小,能產(chǎn)生較均勻的室內(nèi)氣候,因此最適合于溫室夏季通風(fēng)。不同風(fēng)況會對溫室內(nèi)氣流和溫度場產(chǎn)生顯著的影響,進(jìn)而影響溫室降溫效果和氣候均勻性;當(dāng)外界高溫低風(fēng)速氣候條件下,熱壓通風(fēng)起主導(dǎo)作用;頂側(cè)窗通風(fēng)能顯著提高溫室降溫效果,有效降低作物冠狀層氣溫。

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    The effects of vent configuration and wind regime on the microclimate in the tunnel greenhouse were numerically investigated. A full scale computational fluid dynamics model (CFD model) was constructed based on a tunnel greenhouse cultivated with water spinach in eastern China. The model was firstly validated by comparing CFD simulations with experimental temperatures. The simulations had similar trends to those of the experiments with less than 1.1℃ of difference. It was then employed to investigate the greenhouse airflow and temperature patterns with different vent configurations, evaluate the effect of vent configuration on the ventilation rate, temperature difference between inside and outside, and the inside climate homogeneity, and reveal the greenhouse microclimate mechanism with different wind regimes. Simulations showed that different vent configurations induced different inside microclimate patterns and ventilation performances. The roof plus side opening provided the highest ventilation rate, the minimum temperature difference and a relatively uniform indoor climate, and thus can be recommended for summer ventilation. Wind regime had a significant impact on the airflow and temperature patterns in the greenhouse, which considerably affected the cooling performance and the indoor climate homogeneity. With the weather conditions of high temperature and low wind speed, thermal driven ventilation played a remarkable effect on the greenhouse microclimate. The roof and side opening can improve greenhouse cooling performance remarkably and reduce air temperature in crop canopy effectively.

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何科奭,陳大躍,孫麗娟,劉正魯.不同風(fēng)況和開窗配置對夏季單棟塑料溫室微氣候的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(12):311-318, 339. HE Keshi, CHEN Dayue, SUN Lijuan, LIU Zhenglu. Effects of Wind Regime and Vent Configuration on Microclimate in Tunnel Greenhouses in Summer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(12):311-318, 339.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-03-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-12-10
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