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3WZF-400A型果園風(fēng)送噴霧機(jī)改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0200700)


Improved Design of 3WZF-400A Orchard Air-assisted Sprayer
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    摘要:

    3WZF-400A型果園風(fēng)送噴霧機(jī)通過安裝直線導(dǎo)流板引導(dǎo)了氣流速度場(chǎng),在一定程度上解決了傳統(tǒng)軸流式風(fēng)送噴霧機(jī)農(nóng)藥浪費(fèi)以及防治效果差的問題,但仍無(wú)法使靶標(biāo)區(qū)域的氣流速度分布與作物冠層輪廓匹配。本文以計(jì)算流體力學(xué)為手段,對(duì)該型噴霧機(jī)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)。通過設(shè)置不同數(shù)量和角度的短導(dǎo)流板進(jìn)一步引導(dǎo)噴霧機(jī)氣流場(chǎng),并建立了對(duì)應(yīng)的氣流速度場(chǎng)分布模型。通過對(duì)比選取最佳的改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)方案,并進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證與噴霧性能測(cè)試。研究結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)短導(dǎo)流板數(shù)量為2,噴霧機(jī)導(dǎo)流板角度組合為45°、15°、-15°和5°,且風(fēng)機(jī)風(fēng)速為20m/s時(shí),在靶標(biāo)處的氣流速度分布能夠與作物冠形輪廓匹配,所建立的模型能夠較準(zhǔn)確地模擬噴霧機(jī)實(shí)際氣流速度場(chǎng)的分布。在此基礎(chǔ)上以霧滴覆蓋率為指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)了改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)后的噴霧機(jī)噴霧性能,并與改進(jìn)前的噴霧機(jī)噴霧性能作對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明霧滴能夠在垂直平面內(nèi)按照作物冠形合理分布。

    Abstract:

    The traditional axial-flow air-assisted orchard sprayer is lack of guidance for air-assisted spraying, which would lead to the waste of pesticide. The 3WZF-400A orchard air-assisted sprayer uses two linear guide plates to guide its air-velocity field, which could partly solve the problem, but it still could not make the distribution of air-velocity match the canopy shape at the target. To this matter, the air-velocity field distribution model was established by CFD simulation, and the optimized angle was selected with combination of the two linear guide plates as the basis for the further improvement. Short guide plates with different angles and quantities were set up to subdivide the air-velocity field above. Proper combination of the two linear guide plates could make the airflow concentrate to the canopy range, the optimized angle are 45° for the upper and 5°for the lower. Short guide plates could effectively subdivide the air-velocity field, and could concentrate the airflow to the target. But too many short guide plates would lead to the interference of airflow. The optimized quantities and angels for short guide plates are 2, 15° and -15°. The experimental verification and spray performance test were carried out. The maximum relative error between analog value and measured value was 22.87%, which caused by the attenuation of the air-velocity and the instability of the airflow source. The droplet coverage rate was used to evaluate the spray performance of the improved air-assisted sprayer, the comparison experiment between previous sprayer and the improved sprayer showed that the droplets could be reasonably distributed according to the canopy shape in the vertical plane.

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曲峰,盛希宇,李熙,張俊雄,李偉,劉景云.3WZF-400A型果園風(fēng)送噴霧機(jī)改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(s1):15-21. QU Feng, SHENG Xiyu, LI Xi, ZHANG Junxiong, LI Wei, LIU Jingyun. Improved Design of 3WZF-400A Orchard Air-assisted Sprayer[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(s1):15-21.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-07-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-12-10
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