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植保無人機(jī)旋翼下洗氣流對噴幅的影響研究
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0200708、2017YFD0701400)


Influence of UAV Rotor Down-wash Airflow on Spray Width
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    摘要:

    基于XV-2植保無人機(jī),利用流體仿真,探究了該無人機(jī)旋翼下洗氣流的速度分布特性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,分析了在下洗氣流影響下的霧滴運(yùn)動(dòng)方式,并進(jìn)行實(shí)地測試。仿真分析說明:旋翼下洗氣流從中心向外的流速差使流場從上向下有向外的鋪展效應(yīng),使得噴幅增大,且噴幅與飛行高度成正比;旋翼外沿的卷揚(yáng)氣流使得噴幅范圍內(nèi)的霧滴沉積數(shù)出現(xiàn)2個(gè)峰值。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)飛行高度為6m時(shí),有效噴幅為10m;飛行高度8m時(shí),有效噴幅為12m。2種飛行高度下的霧滴分布均勻性基本一致。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與仿真結(jié)果基本一致。研究結(jié)果可為無人機(jī)噴霧系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)和航空植保作業(yè)參數(shù)的選擇提供參考依據(jù)。

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    The movement patterns of droplets on a UAV spray platform are quite different from those on a ground spray system because of its height from the target plants and the influence of the down-wash airflow. Few publications have mentioned how the UAV flying height influenced the spray width. Based on XV-2 UAV, by means of flow simulation and iteration calculation and experiments, the velocity characteristics of the rotor down-wash airflow and the movement patterns of droplets as influenced by the down-wash airflow were analyzed. The simulation results revealed that the velocity discrepancy from the middle to the outwards of the down-wash airflow led to an expanding tendency of airflow and thus an expansion of the spraying width. The spraying width was basically proportional to the flying height. The curling airflow around the rotor led to two peak values of droplet deposition within the spray width, which might also lead to an increase of spray drift. The experiment result showed that the effective spray width was 10m at a flying height of 6m and 12m at a flying height of 8m. The uniformities of deposition distribution were almost the same between each flying height. Considering the uniformities of deposition distribution, efficient spray deposition, spray drift caused by cross wind and injury of plants caused by down-wash airflow, the flying height of the UAV should be correctly chosen from a proper range based on its type and load. The experiment result was consistent with the simulation result. Therefore, the research result explained the influence of UAV rotor down-wash airflow on spray width and it can provide reference for the design of UAV spraying system and the choice of working parameters of UAV spraying.

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楊知倫,葛魯振,祁力鈞,程一帆,吳亞壘.植保無人機(jī)旋翼下洗氣流對噴幅的影響研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(1):116-122. YANG Zhilun, GE Luzhen, QI Lijun, CHENG Yifan, WU Yalei. Influence of UAV Rotor Down-wash Airflow on Spray Width[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(1):116-122.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-05-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-01-10
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