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基于北斗衛(wèi)星通信的林區(qū)小氣候監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)研究
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0600901)、中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2015ZCQ-GX-04)和北京市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(Z161100000916012)


Forest Microclimate Monitoring System Based on Beidou Satellite
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    摘要:

    為實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)手機(jī)信號(hào)林區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè),基于北斗衛(wèi)星短報(bào)文、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)和云存儲(chǔ)等技術(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了一種林區(qū)小氣候?qū)崟r(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)由小氣候監(jiān)測(cè)站、云服務(wù)器和系統(tǒng)軟件構(gòu)成,可實(shí)現(xiàn)林區(qū)大氣、土壤、光照和植物等多參量的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)、云存儲(chǔ)、動(dòng)態(tài)查詢(xún)、報(bào)表生成和大數(shù)據(jù)分析。系統(tǒng)對(duì)森林火險(xiǎn)天氣指標(biāo)的計(jì)算進(jìn)行平滑處理,加入了枯枝落葉層土壤濕度火險(xiǎn)因子,實(shí)現(xiàn)了森林火險(xiǎn)天氣等級(jí)預(yù)報(bào)功能,為局部林區(qū)的防火預(yù)警服務(wù)。通過(guò)2017年3—5月在北京鷲峰國(guó)家森林公園的連續(xù)測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn),3個(gè)小氣候監(jiān)測(cè)站可以穩(wěn)定可靠地獲取11種林區(qū)小氣候數(shù)據(jù),北斗衛(wèi)星傳輸正確率分別為98.57%、99.43%和99.59%,達(dá)到了對(duì)林區(qū)小氣候進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)期實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)的目的,通信費(fèi)用低于銥星衛(wèi)星通信。該系統(tǒng)自2016年在北京、內(nèi)蒙古、河北和河南等地推廣應(yīng)用,為林區(qū)的生態(tài)大數(shù)據(jù)獲取和分析提供服務(wù)。

    Abstract:

    In order to realize the real-time monitoring of ecosystem parameters in the forest with little mobile phone signal, a real-time forest microclimate monitoring system was designed based on Beidou satellite short message communication, Internet of things and cloud storage technologies. The system was composed of microclimate monitoring station, cloud server and software. The forest atmosphere, soil, sunlight and plant parameters can be real timely monitored. The system had functions such as cloud storage, dynamic query, report generation and data analysis. The calculation of forest fire weather index was smoothed and the factor of the litter layer soil humidity was supplemented to realize the forecast of the forest fire weather grade, which was used for the early warning of the local forest fire. Through the continuous experiments at Beijing Jiufeng national forest park from March to May 2017, three forest microclimate stations can obtain 11 kinds of microclimate data stably and reliably, and the success ratios of data transmission through Beidou satellite were 98.57%, 99.43% and 99.59%, respectively, successfully realizing long-term real-time monitoring. The communication fee using Beidou satellite short message communication was lower than that using Iridium SBD communication service. Since 2016, this system had been widely used for the forestry big data acquisition and analysis in Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Hebei and Henan provinces.

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鄭一力,趙燕東,劉衛(wèi)平,劉圣波.基于北斗衛(wèi)星通信的林區(qū)小氣候監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(2):217-224. ZHENG Yili, ZHAO Yandong, LIU Weiping, LIU Shengbo. Forest Microclimate Monitoring System Based on Beidou Satellite[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(2):217-224.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-11-16
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2018-02-10
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