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溫室穴盤苗并聯高速移栽機器人運動誤差分析與試驗
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國家自然科學基金項目(51475216、51675239)、“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2013BAD08B03-1)、江蘇省自然科學基金項目(BK20161344)、江蘇省六大人才高峰項目(ZBZZ-022)、江蘇省高校優(yōu)勢學科建設工程項目(蘇財教(2014)37號)和鎮(zhèn)江市農業(yè)科技支撐項目(NY2014031)


Kinematic Error Analysis and Test of High-speed Plug Seeding Transplanting Machine for Greenhouse Based on Parallel Mechanism
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    摘要:

    現有產業(yè)化應用的溫室穴盤苗移栽機大都為三坐標龍門架式結構,其體積龐大、慣性大、相對剛度低、移栽速度低、柔性作業(yè)能力差,無法滿足高速剔苗、高速補苗作業(yè)要求。針對這些問題設計了一種并聯式三平移移栽機器人,闡述了并聯移栽機器人主體結構和為其配套設計的5種末端執(zhí)行器,并統(tǒng)計了這些末端執(zhí)行器的質量;在ADAMS中建立剛柔耦合動力學模型,選定一條最長對角線軌跡進行仿真;比較了剛性模型理論軌跡與柔性模型實際軌跡的誤差,并分析了因動平臺質量變化引起的誤差變化情況,發(fā)現移栽軌跡末段存在振蕩問題;最后通過物理樣機進行定位精度試驗,樣機經誤差補償后,平均誤差由7.611mm降低到1.208mm,其中大部分誤差為系統(tǒng)誤差。運動試驗發(fā)現,機構運行平均速度為2m/s、加速度峰值為20m/s2時,滿足精度要求;但機構在平均速度3m/s、加速度峰值30m/s2時,誤差會擴大,需要進一步改善關節(jié)徑向支撐力。

    Abstract:

    The greenhouse plug seedlings transplanting machines applied to industry are mostly with three-dimensional gantry structure. There are some obvious shortcomings like large size and inertia, low relatively rigidity, high prices and poor flexibility in operating capacity and not suitable for filling the gaps with seedlings or rejecting seedlings in high-speed operation. In view of these problems, it was intended to design a transplanting machine system with main body of parallel mechanism. The main structure of parallel transplanter and its five kinds of end effector of matching design were introduced. And then the quality of these end effectors was calculated. First of all, the rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamics model of parallel mechanism was established in ADAMS. Secondly, a longest diagonal trajectory was picked for simulation, and the error between the theoretical trajectory of the rigid model and the actual trajectory of the flexible model was compared. And then, the influence of changes of mass to motion error was set and explored by rigid-flexible coupling multi-body dynamics simulation in ADAMS and the feasibility of the parallel design was verified. It was found that there was oscillation at the end of the transplanting track. Finally, the positioning accuracy was tested by the physical prototype. Position error of the moving platform to each point was counted and the control system was compensated. It was turned out that the average positioning error was reduced from 7.611mm to 1.208mm. And most of the errors were systematic errors. During working process, the transplanting machine was with low deformation and high accuracy in taking and delivering stage during acceleration peak was 20m/s2 and average speed was 2m/s. But when the average speed was 3m/s and the acceleration peak was 30m/s2, the error was increased and the radial support force needed to be improved.

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楊啟志,孫夢濤,蔡靜,石新異,毛罕平,顧俊.溫室穴盤苗并聯高速移栽機器人運動誤差分析與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2018,49(3):18-27. YANG Qizhi, SUN Mengtao, CAI Jing, SHI Xinyi, MAO Hanping, GU Jun. Kinematic Error Analysis and Test of High-speed Plug Seeding Transplanting Machine for Greenhouse Based on Parallel Mechanism[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(3):18-27.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-08-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-03-10
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