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懸掛式深松機(jī)耕整地耕深檢測(cè)方法研究
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0700604)、國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目(31571564)、北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院院級(jí)科技創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目(JNKYT201607)和黑龍江省農(nóng)墾總局科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(HNK135-06-05)


Operation Quality Measurement Method for Tilling Depth of Suspended Subsoiler
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    摘要:

    耕深作為深松作業(yè)質(zhì)量的重要指標(biāo),長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)在線評(píng)估,目前以人工抽測(cè)為主,誤差大,效率低。以提高農(nóng)機(jī)深松耕整地作業(yè)質(zhì)量為目標(biāo),提出一種基于深松機(jī)組姿態(tài)估測(cè)的耕深檢測(cè)方法及系統(tǒng)。首先分析了牽引拖拉機(jī)以及懸掛式深松機(jī)在作業(yè)過(guò)程中的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡,建立了拖拉機(jī)與深松機(jī)作業(yè)耕深檢測(cè)模型。該模型通過(guò)檢測(cè)安裝在拖拉機(jī)后懸掛桿和懸掛式深松機(jī)上的姿態(tài)傳感器輸出角度,實(shí)時(shí)計(jì)算深松機(jī)耕深。為驗(yàn)證該檢測(cè)模型的精度,設(shè)計(jì)了基于嵌入式ARM內(nèi)核的耕深檢測(cè)傳感器和深松作業(yè)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)集衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)(GPS)、移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸(GPRS)、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)(SD卡)等于一體,能實(shí)時(shí)采集深松機(jī)作業(yè)耕深、作業(yè)位置、作業(yè)速度及航向信息,數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的終端設(shè)備中,并通過(guò)移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳送至遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)中心做進(jìn)一步融合處理,以對(duì)深松作業(yè)質(zhì)量進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià)。將耕深檢測(cè)傳感器進(jìn)行靜態(tài)標(biāo)定,耕深檢測(cè)標(biāo)定誤差小于0.88cm,平均誤差小于0.21cm,均方根誤差小于0.66cm。利用標(biāo)定后的傳感器及深松作業(yè)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)在田間開(kāi)展多組試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示該系統(tǒng)耕深檢測(cè)最大誤差為1.18cm,多組試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的平均誤差小于0.45cm,均方根誤差小于0.64cm,表明該系統(tǒng)耕深檢測(cè)精度和穩(wěn)定性較高。

    Abstract:

    Tilling depth was usually detected manually with a ruler in many cultivation areas in China, which was inefficient and the result had a high uncertainty, which made subsoiling monitoring difficult. A depth algorithmic model was studied on basis of the attitude of tractor’s three-point hitch for measuring tilling depth and based on which a subsoiling management system was developed and implemented. For establishing the measurement model, the movement path of the tractor and subsoiler was analyzed, and by studying the dynamical equation, the tilling depth measurement model was proposed. Tilling depth was calculated in the model by detecting the attitude of the tractor and subsoiler. In order to verify the accuracy of the measurement method, an ARM kernel based tilling depth measurement sensor and a monitoring system were developed. The system integrated GPS, GPRS and SD card together, which had ability of tilling depth measuring, working speed measuring, working position measuring and heading measuring. The working data was stored in SD card of the system, and was transmitted to the data center by GPRS at the same time for further process. The system calibration test showed that the maximum error was 0.88cm,the average error was less than 0.21cm, the root mean square error (RMSE) was less than 0.66cm. Using the calibrated system to take several tests in field, the result showed that the maximum error was 1.18cm, the average error was less than 0.45cm and the RMSE was less than 0.64cm, which indicated that the system had a high accuracy and stability. The system supplied an information-based method for monitoring the operation quality of subsoiling, and solved the problems caused by manual measuring. The system was useful in farming industry.

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尹彥鑫,王成,孟志軍,陳競(jìng)平,郭樹(shù)霞,秦五昌.懸掛式深松機(jī)耕整地耕深檢測(cè)方法研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(4):68-74. YIN Yanxin, WANG Cheng, MENG Zhijun, CHEN Jingping, GUO Shuxia, QIN Wuchang. Operation Quality Measurement Method for Tilling Depth of Suspended Subsoiler[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(4):68-74.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-11-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-04-10
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